SBB FINAL EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
✔✔diploid - ✔✔normal number of chromosomes in zygote and all body cells (46)
✔✔haploid - ✔✔normal number of chromosomes in all gametes (23)
✔✔structural gene - ✔✔gene that controls the protein production of another gene or
genes
✔✔regulator gene - ✔✔gene that controls the rated of production of another gene or
genes
✔✔allele - ✔✔alternate forms of a gene at a given locus
✔✔locus - ✔✔location of a gene on a chromosome
✔✔linkage - ✔✔two loci carried on the same chromosome and usually inheritied
together. The closer the loci, the closer the linkage. Seen in Rh, MNS and HLA
✔✔codominant - ✔✔both expressed in heterozygous state. Ex: AB, Fy(a+b+)
✔✔dominant - ✔✔trait expressed in homo or het state
✔✔recessive - ✔✔trait only expressed in homo state
✔✔propositus - ✔✔member of a family from whom the whole family came to be
investigated
✔✔Chromosome 1 contains which blood groups - ✔✔RH, Scianna, Duffy, Cromer,
Knops
✔✔Chromosome 4 contains which blood groups - ✔✔MNS
✔✔Chromosome 7 contains which blood groups - ✔✔kell, Colton, YT
✔✔Chromosome 9 contains which blood groups - ✔✔ABO
✔✔Chromosome 18 contains which blood groups - ✔✔Kidd
✔✔Y linked - ✔✔all sons will be affected. passed on Y from fathers to sons
,✔✔X linked recessive - ✔✔affects mostly males, females usually carriers, passed from
mother to son, never passed directly from father to son, affected males may be seen to
skip generations
✔✔autosomal recessive - ✔✔trait usually only appears in sibs, on average 1/4 of the
sibs of the propositus are affected, parents may be related
✔✔autosomal dominant - ✔✔trait appears in every generation
transmitted by an affected person to half his children
unaffected persons do not transmit the trait to their children
✔✔X-linked dominant - ✔✔affected males transmit trait to all daughters and to none of
sons.
affected females pass to half their kids
✔✔Hardy and Weinberg formula - ✔✔(p+q)2
I DON"T UNDERSTAND THIS...ASK PAM
✔✔To determine allele frequency of two or more unrelated antigens, multiply
frequencies of each trait - ✔✔Ex: 70% E neg, 90% K-
0.7x0.9=0.63. So 63% E-K-
✔✔What enzymes do the ABO genes produce? - ✔✔Glycosyltranferases. Precursor of
the A and B antigens is the H antigen. ABO alleles are autosomal co-dominant
✔✔H gene sugar added? - ✔✔L-fucose
✔✔A gene sugar added? - ✔✔N-acetyl-D-galactosamine
✔✔B gene sugar added? - ✔✔D-galactose
✔✔ABO is resistant to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔Ficin/Papain
Trypsin
DTT 200mM
chloroquine (RT)
✔✔What type of reactivity does an A3 allele give? - ✔✔mixed field, about 2+
✔✔What are characterisitics of acquired B antigen? - ✔✔found in group A1 people
due to deacetylation of A antigen
Forward type AB with anti-B in serum
✔✔What disease states are associated with acquired B antigen? - ✔✔colon or rectal
cancer
, gram-negative bacteria
intestinal obstructions
✔✔What is the Se gene? Alleles Se and se. - ✔✔Secretor gene. Responsible for the
expression of H antigen and indirectly A and B antigens in secretions. 80% of people
are secretors. does not affect ABO expression.
✔✔What is the Bombay phenotype? - ✔✔lacks H gene
make anti-H (wide thermal range 4-37C) as well as anti-A and anti-B
type as Group O regardless of what ABO genes are present
✔✔What is the Para-Bombay phenotype? - ✔✔no detectable H antigen
have small amts of A or B antigen
No H detected because all H chains have been converted to A or B antigens
Determine ABO inheritance with Transferase studies or family studies
✔✔Where are the MNS antigens expressed? - ✔✔RBC, renal endothelium, epithelium
Antigens expressed well on cord cells
✔✔M and N antigens are resistant to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔DTT,
Chloroquine
✔✔M and N antigens are sensitive to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔Ficin/Papain
Trypsin
✔✔S and s antigens are sensitive to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔none, but
variable with Ficin/Papain
✔✔S and s antigens are resistant to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔Trypsin
DTT
chloroquine
✔✔U antigen are resistant to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔Ficin/Papin
Trypsin
DTT
presumed resistant to Chloroquine
✔✔Gene for P blood group system - ✔✔GLOB or Globiside
✔✔solugble antigen for P antigen expression? - ✔✔Pigeon egg white
Hydatid cyst fluid
✔✔antigen structiure for P blood group? - ✔✔biochemically related to I and ABH
antigens.
GRADED A+
✔✔diploid - ✔✔normal number of chromosomes in zygote and all body cells (46)
✔✔haploid - ✔✔normal number of chromosomes in all gametes (23)
✔✔structural gene - ✔✔gene that controls the protein production of another gene or
genes
✔✔regulator gene - ✔✔gene that controls the rated of production of another gene or
genes
✔✔allele - ✔✔alternate forms of a gene at a given locus
✔✔locus - ✔✔location of a gene on a chromosome
✔✔linkage - ✔✔two loci carried on the same chromosome and usually inheritied
together. The closer the loci, the closer the linkage. Seen in Rh, MNS and HLA
✔✔codominant - ✔✔both expressed in heterozygous state. Ex: AB, Fy(a+b+)
✔✔dominant - ✔✔trait expressed in homo or het state
✔✔recessive - ✔✔trait only expressed in homo state
✔✔propositus - ✔✔member of a family from whom the whole family came to be
investigated
✔✔Chromosome 1 contains which blood groups - ✔✔RH, Scianna, Duffy, Cromer,
Knops
✔✔Chromosome 4 contains which blood groups - ✔✔MNS
✔✔Chromosome 7 contains which blood groups - ✔✔kell, Colton, YT
✔✔Chromosome 9 contains which blood groups - ✔✔ABO
✔✔Chromosome 18 contains which blood groups - ✔✔Kidd
✔✔Y linked - ✔✔all sons will be affected. passed on Y from fathers to sons
,✔✔X linked recessive - ✔✔affects mostly males, females usually carriers, passed from
mother to son, never passed directly from father to son, affected males may be seen to
skip generations
✔✔autosomal recessive - ✔✔trait usually only appears in sibs, on average 1/4 of the
sibs of the propositus are affected, parents may be related
✔✔autosomal dominant - ✔✔trait appears in every generation
transmitted by an affected person to half his children
unaffected persons do not transmit the trait to their children
✔✔X-linked dominant - ✔✔affected males transmit trait to all daughters and to none of
sons.
affected females pass to half their kids
✔✔Hardy and Weinberg formula - ✔✔(p+q)2
I DON"T UNDERSTAND THIS...ASK PAM
✔✔To determine allele frequency of two or more unrelated antigens, multiply
frequencies of each trait - ✔✔Ex: 70% E neg, 90% K-
0.7x0.9=0.63. So 63% E-K-
✔✔What enzymes do the ABO genes produce? - ✔✔Glycosyltranferases. Precursor of
the A and B antigens is the H antigen. ABO alleles are autosomal co-dominant
✔✔H gene sugar added? - ✔✔L-fucose
✔✔A gene sugar added? - ✔✔N-acetyl-D-galactosamine
✔✔B gene sugar added? - ✔✔D-galactose
✔✔ABO is resistant to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔Ficin/Papain
Trypsin
DTT 200mM
chloroquine (RT)
✔✔What type of reactivity does an A3 allele give? - ✔✔mixed field, about 2+
✔✔What are characterisitics of acquired B antigen? - ✔✔found in group A1 people
due to deacetylation of A antigen
Forward type AB with anti-B in serum
✔✔What disease states are associated with acquired B antigen? - ✔✔colon or rectal
cancer
, gram-negative bacteria
intestinal obstructions
✔✔What is the Se gene? Alleles Se and se. - ✔✔Secretor gene. Responsible for the
expression of H antigen and indirectly A and B antigens in secretions. 80% of people
are secretors. does not affect ABO expression.
✔✔What is the Bombay phenotype? - ✔✔lacks H gene
make anti-H (wide thermal range 4-37C) as well as anti-A and anti-B
type as Group O regardless of what ABO genes are present
✔✔What is the Para-Bombay phenotype? - ✔✔no detectable H antigen
have small amts of A or B antigen
No H detected because all H chains have been converted to A or B antigens
Determine ABO inheritance with Transferase studies or family studies
✔✔Where are the MNS antigens expressed? - ✔✔RBC, renal endothelium, epithelium
Antigens expressed well on cord cells
✔✔M and N antigens are resistant to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔DTT,
Chloroquine
✔✔M and N antigens are sensitive to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔Ficin/Papain
Trypsin
✔✔S and s antigens are sensitive to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔none, but
variable with Ficin/Papain
✔✔S and s antigens are resistant to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔Trypsin
DTT
chloroquine
✔✔U antigen are resistant to what enzymes and chemicals? - ✔✔Ficin/Papin
Trypsin
DTT
presumed resistant to Chloroquine
✔✔Gene for P blood group system - ✔✔GLOB or Globiside
✔✔solugble antigen for P antigen expression? - ✔✔Pigeon egg white
Hydatid cyst fluid
✔✔antigen structiure for P blood group? - ✔✔biochemically related to I and ABH
antigens.
