Edition) Chapter 7-9 2025/2026 Exam
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Anantomy - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The structure of the body and its relationship of
its parts to each other
Physiology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The function of the living body and its parts
anatomical position - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patient standing erect, facing forward,
with arms down at the sides and palms forward
Supine - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patient lying face up on his back
Prone - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patient lying face down on his stomach
,Later Recumbent (Recovery) Position - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patient is lying on
his left or right side
Fowler's position - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patient is lying on his back with his
upper body elevated at a 45 to 60 degree angle
Semi-Fowler's Position - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patient is lying on his back with
the upper body elevated at an angle less than 45 degrees
Trendelenburg position - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patient is lying on his back with
the legs elevated higher than the head and body on an inclined plane (head
down, legs up)
Shock position - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Alternative position to the Trendelenburg
position, where only the feet and legs are elevated approximately 12 inches
Anatomical Planes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Imaginary divisions of the body
sagittal plane (median plane) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔divides body into left and
right
midsagittal plane - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔divides the body into equal right and left
sides
,frontal plane (coronal plane) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔divides the body into front
and back halves
transverse plane (horizontal plane) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔parallel with the
ground and divides the body into upper and lower halves
midaxillary line - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔An imaginary vertical line that starts at the
middle of the axilla (armpit) and extends down the side of the chest.
anterior plane - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patients front
posterior plane - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Patients back
Transverse line - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Imaginary line horizontally through the
patients waist
Superior plane - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔above the waist
Inferior plane - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔below the waist
Anterior - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔toward the front
Posterior - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔toward the back
Superior - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔toward the head
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, Inferior - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔towards the feet or below the point of reference
Dorsal - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔toward the back
Ventral - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Toward the belly
Medial - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔toward the midline
Lateral - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔away from the midline
bilateral - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔both sides
Proximal - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔near the point of reference
Distal - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔far from the point of reference
Midclavicular - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔center of each of the collarbones
midaxillary - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔center of the armpit
plantar - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔sole of foot
Palmar - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔palm of hand
abdominal quadrants - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
musculoskeletal system - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the system of bones and skeletal
muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement