1
NSC 3361 EXAM 3 Questions with Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
Movements Answer: Simple reflexes with brief muscle activation
EX: eyeblink, hiccup, finger twitch
Acts (action patterns) Answer: Complex, sequential movements
EX: honking car horn, writing name, playing guitar
Motor plan (motor program) Answer: Set of muscle commands
established before the action occurs
Motoric Answer: Most of brain movement
Preparing to move, moving, correcting movement
Point of brain = guide movement
Control mechanisms Answer: Optimize accuracy and speed
1. Open-loop control
2. Closed-loop control
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,2
Open-loop Answer: Maximizes speed
No guiding external feedback
Ballistic movements
Ballistic movements Answer: Open-Loop Control System
Advantage: fast
Disadvantage: not accurate, till carried out despite errors
-Less attention
-Doesn't require sensory feedback
-All-or-nothing
-For well-learned acts
closed-loop Answer: Maximizes accuracy
External feedback guides movement
Fine movements
Disadvantage: slow
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,3
Processes sensory feedback
Ramp movements
Ramp movements Answer: Closed-Loop Control System
aka smooth movements
slower, sustained motions guided by feedback
Good for learning new skills
hierarchy of motor control Answer: skeletal system & muscles
spinal cord
brainstem
primary motor cortex
nonprimary motor cortex
cerebellum & basal ganglisa
motor cortex Answer: plans, initiates, directs voluntary movement
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, 4
Inhibits reflex behaviors so they don't interfere w/ voluntary
movements
primary motor cortex Answer: initiates commands for action
Changes as a result of learning
EX: early music training = expansion of motor cortex
nonprimary motor cortex Answer: initiates cortical processing
Anterior to M1/primary motor cortex
1. SMA encodes
2. Premotor cortex fire before
brainstem (movement) Answer: Integrates motor commands
-basic movements & postural control
skeletal system & muscles Answer: power movement
spinal cord Answer: controls skeletal muscles
upper motor neurons Answer: from brain to spinal cord to dorsal horn
© 2025 All rights reserved
NSC 3361 EXAM 3 Questions with Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
Movements Answer: Simple reflexes with brief muscle activation
EX: eyeblink, hiccup, finger twitch
Acts (action patterns) Answer: Complex, sequential movements
EX: honking car horn, writing name, playing guitar
Motor plan (motor program) Answer: Set of muscle commands
established before the action occurs
Motoric Answer: Most of brain movement
Preparing to move, moving, correcting movement
Point of brain = guide movement
Control mechanisms Answer: Optimize accuracy and speed
1. Open-loop control
2. Closed-loop control
© 2025 All rights reserved
,2
Open-loop Answer: Maximizes speed
No guiding external feedback
Ballistic movements
Ballistic movements Answer: Open-Loop Control System
Advantage: fast
Disadvantage: not accurate, till carried out despite errors
-Less attention
-Doesn't require sensory feedback
-All-or-nothing
-For well-learned acts
closed-loop Answer: Maximizes accuracy
External feedback guides movement
Fine movements
Disadvantage: slow
© 2025 All rights reserved
,3
Processes sensory feedback
Ramp movements
Ramp movements Answer: Closed-Loop Control System
aka smooth movements
slower, sustained motions guided by feedback
Good for learning new skills
hierarchy of motor control Answer: skeletal system & muscles
spinal cord
brainstem
primary motor cortex
nonprimary motor cortex
cerebellum & basal ganglisa
motor cortex Answer: plans, initiates, directs voluntary movement
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4
Inhibits reflex behaviors so they don't interfere w/ voluntary
movements
primary motor cortex Answer: initiates commands for action
Changes as a result of learning
EX: early music training = expansion of motor cortex
nonprimary motor cortex Answer: initiates cortical processing
Anterior to M1/primary motor cortex
1. SMA encodes
2. Premotor cortex fire before
brainstem (movement) Answer: Integrates motor commands
-basic movements & postural control
skeletal system & muscles Answer: power movement
spinal cord Answer: controls skeletal muscles
upper motor neurons Answer: from brain to spinal cord to dorsal horn
© 2025 All rights reserved
