ROLE AND SCOPE 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Although requirements governing the practice of advance practice nursing may vary
significantly, all states require:
A. a master's degree in nursing.
B. certification in the specialty area.
C. 10 years of practice in the specialty area.
D. a supervisory relationship with a physician. - ✔✔B
All states require evidence of certification in the specialty area. A master's degree is not
required in all states. Requirements concerning supervisory and collaborative practices
vary, as do requirements for years of practice in the specialty.
✔✔The public's right to expect to receive treatment that meets the standards of nursing
care is protected by:
A. state law.
B. federal law.
C. reporting law.
D. common law. - ✔✔B
Federal laws have a major effect on nursing practice, mandating a minimal standard of
care in all health care settings that receive federal funds. Nursing practice is governed
by state laws that delineate the conduct of licensed nurses and define behaviors of all
health care professionals in promoting public health and welfare. Some states have
enacted statutes that mandate nurses to report unsafe, illegal, or unethical practices of
nursing colleagues or physicians. Common law is created through cases heard and
decided in federal and state appellate courts. Throughout the years, judge-made law
regarding nursing practice has accumulated in the form of written opinions.
✔✔Which nursing action best complies with the expectations for nursing care defined
by the "never events" identified by the 2012 Rules of Participation for Hospitals?
A. Requiring all unlicensed nursing personal to attend shift reports
B. Providing care when convenient for the client whenever possible
C. Attending an in-service on evidence-based practice on urinary catheter care
D. Reporting suspected elder abuse to the nursing manager immediately - ✔✔C
Nurses are required to develop greater expertise in the provision of evidence-based
patient care, case management, and discharge planning in order to avoid "never
events." Although the other options are appropriate nursing actions, they are not related
to "never events"; hospital-acquired conditions are considered reasonably preventable.
,✔✔Which of the following situations fails to meet the criteria for establishing nursing
negligence or malpractice?
A. A nurse comes to work under the influence of alcohol.
B. The nurse leaves a client's bed in the raised position, resulting in a fall.
C. The nurse fails repeatedly to document a client's response to pain medication.
D. A nurse assigns first-time ambulation of a postop client to an aide and the client falls.
- ✔✔C
The criteria require that the nurse-client contract be broken such as the alcohol scenario
or preventable injury to the client as a result of the failure to follow good nursing
practice. While failing to document is not acceptable practice, it would not be considered
either malpractice or negligence unless the omission resulted in patient injury.
✔✔In what situation may a nurse deliver care that is not considered at the level of
required standard of care?
A. When directly ordered to do so by a physician
B. When the nursing area is considered understaffed
C. When the situation is determined to be an emergency
D. When the client refuses care that would meet the standard of care. - ✔✔C
Nursing care rendered in a life-threatening emergency may breach the standard of care
required under ordinary circumstances. The nurse may not knowingly provide
substandard care even when ordered to do so by medical staff. Understaffing is not an
acceptable reason for substandard care nor is a client's refusal to consent.
✔✔A client who insists on leaving the hospital against medical advice (AMA) after being
properly advised signs the necessary form. In order to avoid legal consequences
regarding the client's decision, the nurse should:
A. objectively document all the details of the situation thoroughly but concisely in the
client's medical record.
B. notify the nursing supervisor of the client's decision and that all reasonable efforts
were made to dissuade the client from leaving.
C. have a member of the security staff escort the client off the facility's property and into
their private vehicle or public transportation
D. with the client's permission notify a contact person that the client is leaving the
hospital against medical advice. - ✔✔A
Almost all health care facilities have an AMA form that patients are asked to sign when
they decide to refuse or discontinue ordered therapy or intend to leave the facility. The
value of the document in countering a claim of negligence should the patient or family
later sue will depend in great part on the quality of the nurse's charting. Although the
other options may be correct procedures, they are not directed towards protecting the
nurse legally.
, ✔✔Which of the following scenarios demonstrates a nurse engaging in value
clarification?
A. A client is reassured by the nurse who states, "I will stay with you as long as you
want."
B. A novice nurse regularly asks a veteran nurse, "What would you do if you were in my
place?"
C. A nurse reflects on the question, "What would be important to me if I was told my
cancer was terminal?"
D. When a client asks for advice, the nurse responds, "What can I do to help you make
this decision?" - ✔✔C
The process of values clarification attempts to examine the values one holds and how
each of those values functions as part of a whole. Nurses must acknowledge their own
values by considering how they would act in a particular situation. Reassuring the client
is a means of providing emotional support. Asking the advice of a more experienced
nurse is an example of role modeling. Asking clients what they need to achieve their
goals is a way to encourage autonomy and independence.
✔✔Normally, by what developmental milestone is a person expected to have learned
there are consequences for making bad decisions?
A. Toddler
B. School age
C. Middle teens
D. Late teens - ✔✔B
By the time children reach school age, they have learned that behavior has
consequences and that good behavior is associated with rewards and bad behavior with
punishment. Through their experiences and social interactions with people outside their
home or immediate surroundings, school-age children begin to make choices about how
they will act based on an understanding of good and bad. A toddler begins to model
ethical behaviors but does not have the ability to comprehend those behaviors. It is
problematic psychologically if an individual has not learned or is incapable of learning
right from wrong by one's middle to late teens.
✔✔Which scenario demonstrates the preconventional level of moral development?
A. Driving within the speed limit in order to avoid getting a speeding ticket
B. Opening the door for an elderly woman to show her respect
C. Anonymously providing money to a homeless shelter
D. Cleaning up the kitchen to make your mother happy - ✔✔A
Moral decisions made at this level (preconventional) are simply a response to some
threat of punishment. Acting out of respect or a desire to please demonstrates the
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Although requirements governing the practice of advance practice nursing may vary
significantly, all states require:
A. a master's degree in nursing.
B. certification in the specialty area.
C. 10 years of practice in the specialty area.
D. a supervisory relationship with a physician. - ✔✔B
All states require evidence of certification in the specialty area. A master's degree is not
required in all states. Requirements concerning supervisory and collaborative practices
vary, as do requirements for years of practice in the specialty.
✔✔The public's right to expect to receive treatment that meets the standards of nursing
care is protected by:
A. state law.
B. federal law.
C. reporting law.
D. common law. - ✔✔B
Federal laws have a major effect on nursing practice, mandating a minimal standard of
care in all health care settings that receive federal funds. Nursing practice is governed
by state laws that delineate the conduct of licensed nurses and define behaviors of all
health care professionals in promoting public health and welfare. Some states have
enacted statutes that mandate nurses to report unsafe, illegal, or unethical practices of
nursing colleagues or physicians. Common law is created through cases heard and
decided in federal and state appellate courts. Throughout the years, judge-made law
regarding nursing practice has accumulated in the form of written opinions.
✔✔Which nursing action best complies with the expectations for nursing care defined
by the "never events" identified by the 2012 Rules of Participation for Hospitals?
A. Requiring all unlicensed nursing personal to attend shift reports
B. Providing care when convenient for the client whenever possible
C. Attending an in-service on evidence-based practice on urinary catheter care
D. Reporting suspected elder abuse to the nursing manager immediately - ✔✔C
Nurses are required to develop greater expertise in the provision of evidence-based
patient care, case management, and discharge planning in order to avoid "never
events." Although the other options are appropriate nursing actions, they are not related
to "never events"; hospital-acquired conditions are considered reasonably preventable.
,✔✔Which of the following situations fails to meet the criteria for establishing nursing
negligence or malpractice?
A. A nurse comes to work under the influence of alcohol.
B. The nurse leaves a client's bed in the raised position, resulting in a fall.
C. The nurse fails repeatedly to document a client's response to pain medication.
D. A nurse assigns first-time ambulation of a postop client to an aide and the client falls.
- ✔✔C
The criteria require that the nurse-client contract be broken such as the alcohol scenario
or preventable injury to the client as a result of the failure to follow good nursing
practice. While failing to document is not acceptable practice, it would not be considered
either malpractice or negligence unless the omission resulted in patient injury.
✔✔In what situation may a nurse deliver care that is not considered at the level of
required standard of care?
A. When directly ordered to do so by a physician
B. When the nursing area is considered understaffed
C. When the situation is determined to be an emergency
D. When the client refuses care that would meet the standard of care. - ✔✔C
Nursing care rendered in a life-threatening emergency may breach the standard of care
required under ordinary circumstances. The nurse may not knowingly provide
substandard care even when ordered to do so by medical staff. Understaffing is not an
acceptable reason for substandard care nor is a client's refusal to consent.
✔✔A client who insists on leaving the hospital against medical advice (AMA) after being
properly advised signs the necessary form. In order to avoid legal consequences
regarding the client's decision, the nurse should:
A. objectively document all the details of the situation thoroughly but concisely in the
client's medical record.
B. notify the nursing supervisor of the client's decision and that all reasonable efforts
were made to dissuade the client from leaving.
C. have a member of the security staff escort the client off the facility's property and into
their private vehicle or public transportation
D. with the client's permission notify a contact person that the client is leaving the
hospital against medical advice. - ✔✔A
Almost all health care facilities have an AMA form that patients are asked to sign when
they decide to refuse or discontinue ordered therapy or intend to leave the facility. The
value of the document in countering a claim of negligence should the patient or family
later sue will depend in great part on the quality of the nurse's charting. Although the
other options may be correct procedures, they are not directed towards protecting the
nurse legally.
, ✔✔Which of the following scenarios demonstrates a nurse engaging in value
clarification?
A. A client is reassured by the nurse who states, "I will stay with you as long as you
want."
B. A novice nurse regularly asks a veteran nurse, "What would you do if you were in my
place?"
C. A nurse reflects on the question, "What would be important to me if I was told my
cancer was terminal?"
D. When a client asks for advice, the nurse responds, "What can I do to help you make
this decision?" - ✔✔C
The process of values clarification attempts to examine the values one holds and how
each of those values functions as part of a whole. Nurses must acknowledge their own
values by considering how they would act in a particular situation. Reassuring the client
is a means of providing emotional support. Asking the advice of a more experienced
nurse is an example of role modeling. Asking clients what they need to achieve their
goals is a way to encourage autonomy and independence.
✔✔Normally, by what developmental milestone is a person expected to have learned
there are consequences for making bad decisions?
A. Toddler
B. School age
C. Middle teens
D. Late teens - ✔✔B
By the time children reach school age, they have learned that behavior has
consequences and that good behavior is associated with rewards and bad behavior with
punishment. Through their experiences and social interactions with people outside their
home or immediate surroundings, school-age children begin to make choices about how
they will act based on an understanding of good and bad. A toddler begins to model
ethical behaviors but does not have the ability to comprehend those behaviors. It is
problematic psychologically if an individual has not learned or is incapable of learning
right from wrong by one's middle to late teens.
✔✔Which scenario demonstrates the preconventional level of moral development?
A. Driving within the speed limit in order to avoid getting a speeding ticket
B. Opening the door for an elderly woman to show her respect
C. Anonymously providing money to a homeless shelter
D. Cleaning up the kitchen to make your mother happy - ✔✔A
Moral decisions made at this level (preconventional) are simply a response to some
threat of punishment. Acting out of respect or a desire to please demonstrates the
