FTCE ESE 2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Concrete Operational - ✔✔In Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development
(from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations
that enable them to think logically about concrete events
✔✔Formal Operational - ✔✔In Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development
(normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about
abstract concepts
✔✔Criterion-based Assessment - ✔✔This type of test measures a student's knowledge
of specific content, usually related to classroom instruction
✔✔Career Preparation - ✔✔Specific training and preparation required for the world of
work occurs during the phase of
✔✔Career Awareness - ✔✔Career decision consciousness facilitated through a self-
examination of values, abilities, preferences, knowledge of occupations and life roles,
and interests
✔✔Career Exploration - ✔✔The process of assessing strengths and weaknesses and
how they relate to finding employment, and other steps include the creation of a
resume, cover letter, and other interview tools and techniques.
✔✔Norm-referenced Test - ✔✔An individual's performance is compared to the group
that was used to calculate the performance standards
✔✔Ecological Assessment - ✔✔An assessment protocol that acknowledges complex
interrelationships between environment and behavior - a method for obtaining data
across multiple settings and persons
✔✔Achievement Test - ✔✔A test that measures mastery of specific skills
✔✔Proximity Control - ✔✔The management of classroom behavior by moving
throughout the classroom and being physically close to students
✔✔Assertive Discipline - ✔✔An approach to classroom management that promotes a
clear and firm response style with students
✔✔Token Economy - ✔✔An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a
token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens
for various privileges or treats
✔✔Planned Ignoring - ✔✔A classroom management technique where the teacher
determines that an inappropriate behavior is ignored
, ✔✔Pragmatics - ✔✔This area of language involves the way that language is used to
communicate and interact with others
✔✔Mild IQ Scores of 50-55 to 70 - ✔✔- Delays in most areas (communication, motor,
academic)
- Often not distinguished from normal children until of school age
- Can acquire both academic and vocational skills; can be self-supporting
✔✔Moderate IQ Scores of 35-40 to 50-55 - ✔✔- Only fair motor development; clumsy
- Poor social awareness
- Can be taught to communicate
- Can profit from training in social and vocational skills; needs supervision but can
perform semiskilled labor as an adult
✔✔Severe IQ Scores of 20-25 to 25-40 - ✔✔- Poor motor development
- Minimal speech and communication
- Minimal ability to profit from training in health and self-help skills; may contribute to
self-maintenance under constant supervision as an adult
✔✔Profound IQ Scores of below 25 - ✔✔- Gross retardation, both mental and sensor-
motor
- Little or no development of basic communication skills
- Dependency on others to maintain basic life functions
- Lifetime of complete supervision (institution, home, nursing home)
✔✔Emotional Disturbance - ✔✔A condition exhibiting one or more of the following
characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects
a child's educational performance:
- An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory or
health factors;
- An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships
with peers and teachers;
- Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances;
- A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; or
- A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with
personal or school problems. The term includes schizophrenia. The term
does not apply to children who are socially maladjusted, unless it is
determined that they have an emotional disturbance (ED).
✔✔Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - ✔✔A condition when the mother drinks heavy during
pregnancy; a condition resulting in low birth weight, intellectual impairment,
hyperactivity, and certain physical defects
✔✔Concrete Operational - ✔✔In Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development
(from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations
that enable them to think logically about concrete events
✔✔Formal Operational - ✔✔In Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development
(normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about
abstract concepts
✔✔Criterion-based Assessment - ✔✔This type of test measures a student's knowledge
of specific content, usually related to classroom instruction
✔✔Career Preparation - ✔✔Specific training and preparation required for the world of
work occurs during the phase of
✔✔Career Awareness - ✔✔Career decision consciousness facilitated through a self-
examination of values, abilities, preferences, knowledge of occupations and life roles,
and interests
✔✔Career Exploration - ✔✔The process of assessing strengths and weaknesses and
how they relate to finding employment, and other steps include the creation of a
resume, cover letter, and other interview tools and techniques.
✔✔Norm-referenced Test - ✔✔An individual's performance is compared to the group
that was used to calculate the performance standards
✔✔Ecological Assessment - ✔✔An assessment protocol that acknowledges complex
interrelationships between environment and behavior - a method for obtaining data
across multiple settings and persons
✔✔Achievement Test - ✔✔A test that measures mastery of specific skills
✔✔Proximity Control - ✔✔The management of classroom behavior by moving
throughout the classroom and being physically close to students
✔✔Assertive Discipline - ✔✔An approach to classroom management that promotes a
clear and firm response style with students
✔✔Token Economy - ✔✔An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a
token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens
for various privileges or treats
✔✔Planned Ignoring - ✔✔A classroom management technique where the teacher
determines that an inappropriate behavior is ignored
, ✔✔Pragmatics - ✔✔This area of language involves the way that language is used to
communicate and interact with others
✔✔Mild IQ Scores of 50-55 to 70 - ✔✔- Delays in most areas (communication, motor,
academic)
- Often not distinguished from normal children until of school age
- Can acquire both academic and vocational skills; can be self-supporting
✔✔Moderate IQ Scores of 35-40 to 50-55 - ✔✔- Only fair motor development; clumsy
- Poor social awareness
- Can be taught to communicate
- Can profit from training in social and vocational skills; needs supervision but can
perform semiskilled labor as an adult
✔✔Severe IQ Scores of 20-25 to 25-40 - ✔✔- Poor motor development
- Minimal speech and communication
- Minimal ability to profit from training in health and self-help skills; may contribute to
self-maintenance under constant supervision as an adult
✔✔Profound IQ Scores of below 25 - ✔✔- Gross retardation, both mental and sensor-
motor
- Little or no development of basic communication skills
- Dependency on others to maintain basic life functions
- Lifetime of complete supervision (institution, home, nursing home)
✔✔Emotional Disturbance - ✔✔A condition exhibiting one or more of the following
characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects
a child's educational performance:
- An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory or
health factors;
- An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships
with peers and teachers;
- Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances;
- A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; or
- A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with
personal or school problems. The term includes schizophrenia. The term
does not apply to children who are socially maladjusted, unless it is
determined that they have an emotional disturbance (ED).
✔✔Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - ✔✔A condition when the mother drinks heavy during
pregnancy; a condition resulting in low birth weight, intellectual impairment,
hyperactivity, and certain physical defects
