IB Biology HL Exam Review Questions
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is cell theory?
✔✔ All living organisms are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells arise from
pre-existing cells
Which microscope allows viewing of living cells?
✔✔ Light microscope
What type of microscope has the highest resolution?
✔✔ Electron microscope
What limits the size of cells?
✔✔ Surface area to volume ratio
Why do cells divide when they grow too large?
✔✔ To maintain efficient exchange with the environment
What structure surrounds all cells?
✔✔ Plasma membrane
1
,What are phospholipids arranged as in membranes?
✔✔ A bilayer
Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic?
✔✔ Fatty acid tails
Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic?
✔✔ Phosphate head
What model describes membrane structure?
✔✔ Fluid mosaic model
What is the role of membrane proteins?
✔✔ Transport, signaling, and cell recognition
What is facilitated diffusion?
✔✔ Passive movement through membrane proteins
What does active transport require?
✔✔ ATP energy
What organelle modifies and packages proteins?
2
, ✔✔ Golgi apparatus
Where are proteins synthesized?
✔✔ Ribosomes
What type of ribosome attaches to rough ER?
✔✔ Bound ribosomes
What is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum?
✔✔ Protein synthesis and transport
What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
✔✔ Lipid synthesis and detoxification
What organelle contains digestive enzymes?
✔✔ Lysosome
What is the function of mitochondria?
✔✔ ATP production
Why do mitochondria have folded inner membranes?
✔✔ To increase surface area for respiration
3
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is cell theory?
✔✔ All living organisms are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells arise from
pre-existing cells
Which microscope allows viewing of living cells?
✔✔ Light microscope
What type of microscope has the highest resolution?
✔✔ Electron microscope
What limits the size of cells?
✔✔ Surface area to volume ratio
Why do cells divide when they grow too large?
✔✔ To maintain efficient exchange with the environment
What structure surrounds all cells?
✔✔ Plasma membrane
1
,What are phospholipids arranged as in membranes?
✔✔ A bilayer
Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic?
✔✔ Fatty acid tails
Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic?
✔✔ Phosphate head
What model describes membrane structure?
✔✔ Fluid mosaic model
What is the role of membrane proteins?
✔✔ Transport, signaling, and cell recognition
What is facilitated diffusion?
✔✔ Passive movement through membrane proteins
What does active transport require?
✔✔ ATP energy
What organelle modifies and packages proteins?
2
, ✔✔ Golgi apparatus
Where are proteins synthesized?
✔✔ Ribosomes
What type of ribosome attaches to rough ER?
✔✔ Bound ribosomes
What is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum?
✔✔ Protein synthesis and transport
What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
✔✔ Lipid synthesis and detoxification
What organelle contains digestive enzymes?
✔✔ Lysosome
What is the function of mitochondria?
✔✔ ATP production
Why do mitochondria have folded inner membranes?
✔✔ To increase surface area for respiration
3
