Microbiology BOC Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Microbiology BOC Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified Which type of organism lacks a true nucleus? A. Bacteria B. Fungi C. Protozoa D. Algae Which structure controls what enters and leaves a bacterial cell? A. Cell wall B. Cell membrane C. Ribosome D. Capsule What shape are cocci bacteria? A. Spherical B. Rod-shaped C. Spiral D. Filamentous Which staining method differentiates bacteria based on cell wall structure? 2 A. Gram stain B. Acid-fast stain C. Endospore stain D. Capsule stain Which bacteria retain crystal violet and appear purple after Gram staining? A. Gram-positive B. Gram-negative C. Acid-fast D. Anaerobic What component is thick in Gram-positive bacteria? A. Outer membrane B. Peptidoglycan C. Lipopolysaccharide D. Capsule Which structure helps bacteria move? A. Pili B. Flagella C. Ribosomes D. Endospores 3 Which bacteria shape is spiral? A. Cocci B. Bacilli C. Spirilla D. Diplococci What is the function of ribosomes in bacteria? A. Energy production B. DNA storage C. Protein synthesis D. Motility Which structure allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions? A. Capsule B. Cell wall C. Endospore D. Flagellum Which organisms require oxygen to grow? A. Obligate aerobes B. Obligate anaerobes C. Facultative anaerobes D. Microaerophiles 4 Which organisms grow with or without oxygen? A. Obligate aerobes B. Obligate anaerobes C. Facultative anaerobes D. Aerotolerant anaerobes What is the main genetic material in bacteria? A. DNA B. RNA C. Protein D. Lipid Where is bacterial DNA located? A. Nucleoid region B. Nucleus C. Ribosome D. Cell membrane Which method kills all microorganisms including spores? A. Sterilization B. Disinfection C. Sanitization 5 D. Antisepsis Which agent is used on living tissue to reduce microbes? A. Disinfectant B. Antiseptic C. Antibiotic D. Detergent Which type of microscope is commonly used in microbiology labs? A. Light microscope B. Electron microscope C. Confocal microscope D. Atomic microscope What is the purpose of agar in culture media? A. Solidifying agent B. Nutrient source C. Antibiotic D. Indicator Which medium supports the growth of many types of bacteria? A. Nutrient agar B. Selective media 6 C. Differential media D. Transport media Which media inhibits some bacteria while allowing others to grow? A. Differential B. Selective C. Enriched D. Transport Which media differentiates bacteria based