UNL PSYC 387 Exam 2 (chapters 5, 6, 8, and 9) Questions
With Complete Solutions
A researcher who is interested in the construct of
cooperativeness and wants to discover what this trait is able to
predict should use the Correct Answers Single-trait approach
According to evolutionary personality psychology, Correct
Answers One way to explain personality and behavior is to look
at how behaviors might have been adaptive for our ancestors
Agreeableness Correct Answers Agreeableness advantages:
cooperative, easy to get along with, many social interests, good
team players, optimistic
Agreeableness disadvantages: dupe, gullible, more likely to be
scammed or taken advantage of
Life outcomes associated with Agreeableness: psychologically
well-adjusted, healthy heart, recover from injury faster, dating
satisfaction, smoke less, unlikely to commit crimes
Approaches to connecting traits and behavior Correct Answers
Single trait
Many trait
Essential trait
Typological
,Are between group differences (i.e., differences between groups
of humans) more related to genes or environment? Correct
Answers Environment (social decisions), not genetics, more
largely determine which groups you are in
The differences or similarities within each group are caused by
genetics, but between groups is caused by the social decision
made (arbitrarily divide into groups and treat each group
differently)
Based on the four moderators of accuracy, it can be concluded
that Correct Answers Information quality will be high in weak
and relevant situations
Capgras Syndrome Correct Answers Emotional disconnect
from loved ones
Connecting traits with behavior Correct Answers Approaches:
Single-trait: "what do people with that single trait do?"
Many-trait: use as many traits as needed to explain one specific
behavior
Essential-trait: "which traits are most important?"
-reduce the number of traits from 18,000+ to a select (essential)
few
-Block: ego control and ego resiliency
-The Big Five
, Typological: sorts sets of traits into various broader personality
types
-people who have a Jock personality type are aggressive,
extraverted, etc
-dog people vs. cat people
-people who carry stamps versus people who don't
Conscientiousness Correct Answers Advantages: Responsible,
committed, ethical, dependable, even-tempered
Disadvantages: Not necessarily popular or creative; rigid and
by-the-book
Life Outcomes: Predicts job performance, success in college,
positively correlates with years of schooling, more likely to
suffer if unemployed, predicts longer life expectancy (avoid
risky behaviors, protection against risks, engage in health-
promoting behaviors)
Consequences of everyday judgments of personality Correct
Answers *Opportunities* such as employments and friendships
Social expectancies: We become what we mean to people, even
if they are wrong about you!
Intellectual expectancies: Teachers focus more on the students
they expect more to succeed, so these students end up being
more successful because of this special attention
With Complete Solutions
A researcher who is interested in the construct of
cooperativeness and wants to discover what this trait is able to
predict should use the Correct Answers Single-trait approach
According to evolutionary personality psychology, Correct
Answers One way to explain personality and behavior is to look
at how behaviors might have been adaptive for our ancestors
Agreeableness Correct Answers Agreeableness advantages:
cooperative, easy to get along with, many social interests, good
team players, optimistic
Agreeableness disadvantages: dupe, gullible, more likely to be
scammed or taken advantage of
Life outcomes associated with Agreeableness: psychologically
well-adjusted, healthy heart, recover from injury faster, dating
satisfaction, smoke less, unlikely to commit crimes
Approaches to connecting traits and behavior Correct Answers
Single trait
Many trait
Essential trait
Typological
,Are between group differences (i.e., differences between groups
of humans) more related to genes or environment? Correct
Answers Environment (social decisions), not genetics, more
largely determine which groups you are in
The differences or similarities within each group are caused by
genetics, but between groups is caused by the social decision
made (arbitrarily divide into groups and treat each group
differently)
Based on the four moderators of accuracy, it can be concluded
that Correct Answers Information quality will be high in weak
and relevant situations
Capgras Syndrome Correct Answers Emotional disconnect
from loved ones
Connecting traits with behavior Correct Answers Approaches:
Single-trait: "what do people with that single trait do?"
Many-trait: use as many traits as needed to explain one specific
behavior
Essential-trait: "which traits are most important?"
-reduce the number of traits from 18,000+ to a select (essential)
few
-Block: ego control and ego resiliency
-The Big Five
, Typological: sorts sets of traits into various broader personality
types
-people who have a Jock personality type are aggressive,
extraverted, etc
-dog people vs. cat people
-people who carry stamps versus people who don't
Conscientiousness Correct Answers Advantages: Responsible,
committed, ethical, dependable, even-tempered
Disadvantages: Not necessarily popular or creative; rigid and
by-the-book
Life Outcomes: Predicts job performance, success in college,
positively correlates with years of schooling, more likely to
suffer if unemployed, predicts longer life expectancy (avoid
risky behaviors, protection against risks, engage in health-
promoting behaviors)
Consequences of everyday judgments of personality Correct
Answers *Opportunities* such as employments and friendships
Social expectancies: We become what we mean to people, even
if they are wrong about you!
Intellectual expectancies: Teachers focus more on the students
they expect more to succeed, so these students end up being
more successful because of this special attention
