BIO 411 Test 1 Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified| Guaranteed Success
What is Biology? Biology is the scientific study of life
Biologists ask questions such as... How does a cell produce proteins?
How does a cell consume resources?
How does a single cell develop into an organism?
5 Themes Organizing Biological Information Organization
Information
Energy and Matter
Interactions
Evolution
Cell Theory - All living organisms are composed of 1 or more cells
- The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms
- Cells arise from pre-existing cells
A living cell must have the following features - The ability to store and transmit
information
- A membrane that creates a distinct boundaries from the environment
- The ability to harness materials and energy from the environment
Emergent Properties - Life can be studied at different levels, from molecules to the
entire living planet
- The study of life can be divided into different levels of biological organization
- We will study life at the levels of molecules, organelles, cells and tissues
- Emergent properties result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system
, - Molecules within a cell are not alive on their own
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes - All cells have a plasma membrane that defines their
boundary
- Eukaryotic cells contain addition compartments contained by internal membranes called
organelles
- Prokaryotes have no organelles
Evolution Evolution = The process of change over time
- An organism adaptations to its environment are the result of evolution
- It's the fundamental principle of biology
- It can occur at the cellular level
Are viruses alive? No, they can't replicate on their own (need a host cell)
Viruses - Contain genetic information (DNA or RNA), surrounded by a protein coat and
sometimes a lipid membrane
- They can't harness materials/energy from their surroundings
- Can't copy their genetic information, synthesize proteins, or replicate without a host cell
- Viruses are not considered to be alive, although they contain the information to replicate and
can evolve
Central Dogma of Biology - Describe the flow of information in a cell
- DNA holds the genetic information and is replicated when a new cell is produced
- Transcription uses regions of the DNA called genes to produce RNA
- Translation uses the sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce proteins
- Some viruses go against the central dogma by producing DNA from RNA
- All RNA is made by transcription
What is Biology? Biology is the scientific study of life
Biologists ask questions such as... How does a cell produce proteins?
How does a cell consume resources?
How does a single cell develop into an organism?
5 Themes Organizing Biological Information Organization
Information
Energy and Matter
Interactions
Evolution
Cell Theory - All living organisms are composed of 1 or more cells
- The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms
- Cells arise from pre-existing cells
A living cell must have the following features - The ability to store and transmit
information
- A membrane that creates a distinct boundaries from the environment
- The ability to harness materials and energy from the environment
Emergent Properties - Life can be studied at different levels, from molecules to the
entire living planet
- The study of life can be divided into different levels of biological organization
- We will study life at the levels of molecules, organelles, cells and tissues
- Emergent properties result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system
, - Molecules within a cell are not alive on their own
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes - All cells have a plasma membrane that defines their
boundary
- Eukaryotic cells contain addition compartments contained by internal membranes called
organelles
- Prokaryotes have no organelles
Evolution Evolution = The process of change over time
- An organism adaptations to its environment are the result of evolution
- It's the fundamental principle of biology
- It can occur at the cellular level
Are viruses alive? No, they can't replicate on their own (need a host cell)
Viruses - Contain genetic information (DNA or RNA), surrounded by a protein coat and
sometimes a lipid membrane
- They can't harness materials/energy from their surroundings
- Can't copy their genetic information, synthesize proteins, or replicate without a host cell
- Viruses are not considered to be alive, although they contain the information to replicate and
can evolve
Central Dogma of Biology - Describe the flow of information in a cell
- DNA holds the genetic information and is replicated when a new cell is produced
- Transcription uses regions of the DNA called genes to produce RNA
- Translation uses the sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce proteins
- Some viruses go against the central dogma by producing DNA from RNA
- All RNA is made by transcription
