BIO 112 Exam Questions and Verified Answers/Accurate Solutions| Already Graded A+
Which is the one that infects E.Coli? T4; bacteriophage that only infects E.Coli!
What are the three hypotheses regarding the origin of viruses? Which one do we accept?
Progressive/Escapist - could be pieces of genomic material (DNA or RNA) that escaped a
host cell, gained the ability to move in between cells.
Regressive - were very complex organisms and then became more simple as time went on
Virus First - were the first forms of life, were self replicating; became more complex as time
went onWe don't actually accept any, we're unsure where they originated from!
What do we use to detect viruses? PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and Immunoassays
Track progress
What are bacteriophages Bacteriophages are specialized viruses that only infect viruses!
What were the older ways that we used to classify viruses? Older methods include; genomic
structure, capsid structure, and if it is enveloped/non-enveloped.
What is the current system that we use? Through what basis does the current system classify
viruses? Baltimore Classification SystemCurrent basis: Nucleic acid type and function
What is the function of Fimbriae? What is the function of Flagella? Fimbriae: helps bacteria
to stick to surfaces and each other Flagella; helps bacteria with locomotion
What are plasmids? What type of genes do they typically contain? Plasmids are small,
circular pieces of bacterial DNA. Plasmids tend to contain genes that can help with resistance.
What conversion is being made in nitrogen fixation? Why? Nitrogen (N2) is being converted
into Ammonia (NH3).Nitrogen is much harder to utilize in natural processes since the triple
, bond is so strong, making it very stable. However, since Ammonia (NH3) has single bonds it is a
lot easier to work with.
Name of the bacteria that causes tetanus? What facial treatments can we also use bacteria for?
Clostridium Tetani; Botox
What subdomain of bacteria consists of only endoparasites? Spirochetes!
What is Hfr conjugation? How is different than regular conjugation? Hfr (high frequency
recombination) conjugation is where the f factor that contains the genes for the sex pilus is
integrated into the bacteria's DNA.It is different than regular conjugation since part of the
chromosomal DNA is also transferred to the recipient cell. In regular conjugation, just the F
plasmid is transferred.
Discovery of Viruses Dimitri Ivanovsky
How did Dimitri Ivanosky discover viruses Filtered sap from an infected tobacco plant could
still infect a
healthy tobacco plant because it contained the tobacco mosaic virus. The filter was
Chamberland Pasteur filter
What type of cellular structure do viruses have? Acellular meaning they lack structure like
plasma membrane, ribosome, or organelles
Do viruses have metabolism? No, they have no metabolism and cannot grow.
What do viruses depend on to make copies of themselves? Host cells
What are viruses considered in terms of parasitism? The ultimate parasite
Which is the one that infects E.Coli? T4; bacteriophage that only infects E.Coli!
What are the three hypotheses regarding the origin of viruses? Which one do we accept?
Progressive/Escapist - could be pieces of genomic material (DNA or RNA) that escaped a
host cell, gained the ability to move in between cells.
Regressive - were very complex organisms and then became more simple as time went on
Virus First - were the first forms of life, were self replicating; became more complex as time
went onWe don't actually accept any, we're unsure where they originated from!
What do we use to detect viruses? PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and Immunoassays
Track progress
What are bacteriophages Bacteriophages are specialized viruses that only infect viruses!
What were the older ways that we used to classify viruses? Older methods include; genomic
structure, capsid structure, and if it is enveloped/non-enveloped.
What is the current system that we use? Through what basis does the current system classify
viruses? Baltimore Classification SystemCurrent basis: Nucleic acid type and function
What is the function of Fimbriae? What is the function of Flagella? Fimbriae: helps bacteria
to stick to surfaces and each other Flagella; helps bacteria with locomotion
What are plasmids? What type of genes do they typically contain? Plasmids are small,
circular pieces of bacterial DNA. Plasmids tend to contain genes that can help with resistance.
What conversion is being made in nitrogen fixation? Why? Nitrogen (N2) is being converted
into Ammonia (NH3).Nitrogen is much harder to utilize in natural processes since the triple
, bond is so strong, making it very stable. However, since Ammonia (NH3) has single bonds it is a
lot easier to work with.
Name of the bacteria that causes tetanus? What facial treatments can we also use bacteria for?
Clostridium Tetani; Botox
What subdomain of bacteria consists of only endoparasites? Spirochetes!
What is Hfr conjugation? How is different than regular conjugation? Hfr (high frequency
recombination) conjugation is where the f factor that contains the genes for the sex pilus is
integrated into the bacteria's DNA.It is different than regular conjugation since part of the
chromosomal DNA is also transferred to the recipient cell. In regular conjugation, just the F
plasmid is transferred.
Discovery of Viruses Dimitri Ivanovsky
How did Dimitri Ivanosky discover viruses Filtered sap from an infected tobacco plant could
still infect a
healthy tobacco plant because it contained the tobacco mosaic virus. The filter was
Chamberland Pasteur filter
What type of cellular structure do viruses have? Acellular meaning they lack structure like
plasma membrane, ribosome, or organelles
Do viruses have metabolism? No, they have no metabolism and cannot grow.
What do viruses depend on to make copies of themselves? Host cells
What are viruses considered in terms of parasitism? The ultimate parasite
