CNUR 305 FINAL WEEK 1 - WEEK 6 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
___ of blood is 55%, ___ of blood is 45% - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅55% is plasma, 45% is erythrocytes
Primary and first responder WBC? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Neutrophils
APTT is for ____, INR is for _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Heparin and Warfarin
D-dimer is present when? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A clot is present and breaking down
Where are CVAs located? (heart) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Superior Vena Cava
Universal Donor blood type? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅O negative
Universal recipient blood type? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅AB positive
What is agglutination? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅When the red blood cells clump due to a certain
antibody is mixed with its corresponding antigen causing a reaction
how does a Rh negative person develop anti-D antibodies? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅When exposed to
Rh positive blood (pregnancy, transfusion)
PRBC: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Blood loss/hemoglobin <70,
group and screen q96h/cross match
FFP: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Bleeding/transfusion, ABO group +
Rh type on current admission
Platelets: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Thrombocytopenia/bleeding,
ABO typing and Rh typing
,Albumin: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Spontaneous bacterial
peritonitis, Large volume paracentesis (5+L), Hepatorenal syndrome, volume replacement in therapeutic
plasma exchange...No testing required
Cryoprecipitate: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅acquired
hypofibrinogenemia, bleeding, fibrinogen level <1.5g/L, Factor XIII replacement when deficient...ABO
group testing & Rh type during admission
Intravenous immune globulin: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Neutralizes anti-platelet antibodies in immune mediated thrombocytopenia, ABO group
and Rh testing recommended prior to 1st infusion
Fever, flank pain, red/brown urine. 15 min within infusion. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Acute Hemolytic
Transfusion Reaction
Treatment of AHTR - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Management: treat shock and DIC, draw blood for testing,
colloids for BP, Foley catheter, diuretics for urine OP, Dialysis
Prevention of AHTR - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Identification checks!!!
Pt is having a transfusion reaction, now what? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. STOP INFUSION
2.Maintain Iv access with new tubing
3. Vitals
4. Re-check pt. ID and product label
5. Notify physician and lab
6.•Transfusion Adverse Event Report Form
7.•Return the product & tags to Transfusion lab
IV colloid solution - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Albumin (increases oncotic pressure)
,Isotonic IV solutions: _______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅NS/RL
Hypotonic IV solutions:_______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅0.45% NS
Hypertonic IV solutions:_______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅D10W, 3% NS
Intracellular electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅potassium, magnesium
Extracellular electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅phosphorus, sodium, calcium
90% of GI bleeds are caused by _______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Peptic ulcer disease (H. Pylori + NSAID
use)
Upper GI bleeds are classified by ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Depth/location & Manifestation
Upper GI bleed diagnosed by ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Endoscopy or H. Pylori investigation
Upper GI bleeds are treated by _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Antibiotics, PPI, antacids (2 antibiotics for
H. Pylori)
Most common causes for lower GI bleed: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Diverticular bleeding, AVM, IBD
Lower GI bleeds are treated by: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Fluid resuscitation (blood type + cross
match/CBC + PT/aPTT + chemistries), maintain tissue oxygenation, indwelling cath, intubation
Therapies for Oncology: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Chemotherapy, radiation, biological, surgical
Goals for treatment for oncology: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cure, control, palliation/no response to initial
treatment
, Where are antineoplastic agents present? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅sweat, vomit, stool, urine, blood
Critical oncology lab values: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Neutrophils/ANC
2. RBC & Hgb
3. Platelets
4. Electrolytes
Stomatitis signs/symptoms: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅voice, swallow, taste, non-verbal communication,
lips, tongue, saliva, oral pain scale
Febrile Neutropenia in oncology: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅condition associated with an absolute
neutrophil count (ANC) lower than 1×109/L to 1.5×109/L, also accompanied by a fever greater than 38
degrees
Nursing management for FN? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅identify pts at risk, monitor for fever, pain,
stomatitis, dysphagia, SOB, cough, diarrhea. Send cultures early, monitor for sepsis, Anticipate
antibiotics and WBC stimulating medications, GOOD HH!
Tumor Lysis Syndrome: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Rapid tumor destruction that can result in acute kidney
failure
4 H's of tumor lysis syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia,
hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia
Nursing management for TLS? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅identify pts at risk, monitor and correct
electrolytes, hydration, decrease uric acid levels with allopurinol, breakdown uric acid for secretion
(rasburicase)
Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) in oncology: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Abnormal or sustained production of ADH from some tumors leading to fluid overload and
hyponatremia
___ of blood is 55%, ___ of blood is 45% - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅55% is plasma, 45% is erythrocytes
Primary and first responder WBC? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Neutrophils
APTT is for ____, INR is for _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Heparin and Warfarin
D-dimer is present when? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A clot is present and breaking down
Where are CVAs located? (heart) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Superior Vena Cava
Universal Donor blood type? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅O negative
Universal recipient blood type? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅AB positive
What is agglutination? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅When the red blood cells clump due to a certain
antibody is mixed with its corresponding antigen causing a reaction
how does a Rh negative person develop anti-D antibodies? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅When exposed to
Rh positive blood (pregnancy, transfusion)
PRBC: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Blood loss/hemoglobin <70,
group and screen q96h/cross match
FFP: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Bleeding/transfusion, ABO group +
Rh type on current admission
Platelets: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Thrombocytopenia/bleeding,
ABO typing and Rh typing
,Albumin: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Spontaneous bacterial
peritonitis, Large volume paracentesis (5+L), Hepatorenal syndrome, volume replacement in therapeutic
plasma exchange...No testing required
Cryoprecipitate: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅acquired
hypofibrinogenemia, bleeding, fibrinogen level <1.5g/L, Factor XIII replacement when deficient...ABO
group testing & Rh type during admission
Intravenous immune globulin: indications and pre-transfusion testing - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Neutralizes anti-platelet antibodies in immune mediated thrombocytopenia, ABO group
and Rh testing recommended prior to 1st infusion
Fever, flank pain, red/brown urine. 15 min within infusion. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Acute Hemolytic
Transfusion Reaction
Treatment of AHTR - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Management: treat shock and DIC, draw blood for testing,
colloids for BP, Foley catheter, diuretics for urine OP, Dialysis
Prevention of AHTR - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Identification checks!!!
Pt is having a transfusion reaction, now what? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. STOP INFUSION
2.Maintain Iv access with new tubing
3. Vitals
4. Re-check pt. ID and product label
5. Notify physician and lab
6.•Transfusion Adverse Event Report Form
7.•Return the product & tags to Transfusion lab
IV colloid solution - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Albumin (increases oncotic pressure)
,Isotonic IV solutions: _______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅NS/RL
Hypotonic IV solutions:_______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅0.45% NS
Hypertonic IV solutions:_______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅D10W, 3% NS
Intracellular electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅potassium, magnesium
Extracellular electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅phosphorus, sodium, calcium
90% of GI bleeds are caused by _______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Peptic ulcer disease (H. Pylori + NSAID
use)
Upper GI bleeds are classified by ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Depth/location & Manifestation
Upper GI bleed diagnosed by ______ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Endoscopy or H. Pylori investigation
Upper GI bleeds are treated by _____ - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Antibiotics, PPI, antacids (2 antibiotics for
H. Pylori)
Most common causes for lower GI bleed: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Diverticular bleeding, AVM, IBD
Lower GI bleeds are treated by: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Fluid resuscitation (blood type + cross
match/CBC + PT/aPTT + chemistries), maintain tissue oxygenation, indwelling cath, intubation
Therapies for Oncology: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Chemotherapy, radiation, biological, surgical
Goals for treatment for oncology: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cure, control, palliation/no response to initial
treatment
, Where are antineoplastic agents present? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅sweat, vomit, stool, urine, blood
Critical oncology lab values: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Neutrophils/ANC
2. RBC & Hgb
3. Platelets
4. Electrolytes
Stomatitis signs/symptoms: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅voice, swallow, taste, non-verbal communication,
lips, tongue, saliva, oral pain scale
Febrile Neutropenia in oncology: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅condition associated with an absolute
neutrophil count (ANC) lower than 1×109/L to 1.5×109/L, also accompanied by a fever greater than 38
degrees
Nursing management for FN? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅identify pts at risk, monitor for fever, pain,
stomatitis, dysphagia, SOB, cough, diarrhea. Send cultures early, monitor for sepsis, Anticipate
antibiotics and WBC stimulating medications, GOOD HH!
Tumor Lysis Syndrome: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Rapid tumor destruction that can result in acute kidney
failure
4 H's of tumor lysis syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia,
hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia
Nursing management for TLS? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅identify pts at risk, monitor and correct
electrolytes, hydration, decrease uric acid levels with allopurinol, breakdown uric acid for secretion
(rasburicase)
Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) in oncology: - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Abnormal or sustained production of ADH from some tumors leading to fluid overload and
hyponatremia
