Ap Euro Exam Questions and Verified Answers/Accurate Solutions| Already Graded A+
Charles Fourier extreme socialist that wanted to create communes called 'Phalansteries'
with work for the benefit of all. Believed in male dominance was oppressive, marriage was like
prostitution, and homosexuality was ok. Had crazier ideas too—sea→lemonade? North pole-
→tropical? (1772-1844)
Flora Tristan combined socialism and feminism and advocated complete equality of men
and women in the Women's union (1845) in order to achieve true economic equality (soc'ism).
She was ignored and socialist men remained trad'l in their views on women.
Louis Blanc wanted the government to fund social workshops with capital but then leave
them to be run by the workers themselves, thus countering proletarianization by combining the
worker with the means of production. Described in Organization of Work (1839). Lived (1813-
1882).
Pierre Joseph Proudhon believed property and profit were theft, stolen from workers
because labor was the source of all the wealth, and wanted special banks to loan workers
capital to counter this. He feared the st8 and called himself an anarchist, but rejected violence.
Lived 1809-1865.
Saint-Simon felt that court, aristocrats, church and lawyers were parasites and they should
all be replaced by "doers" (aka scientists, engineers, and industrialists) who would plan and lead
the country for the people. Wanted public ownership of industry and capital (Blanc) and his
goal was to improve the lives of poor (thru pub works proj). lived 1760-1825
Marx Bourgeois (ironic) that collaborated with Engels in Britain to write "The Communist
Manifesto" for the Communist League in January 1848. One of the most important communist
philosophers.
Engels Cowrote the communist manifesto and the Condition of the Working Class in England
after being sent there to run a factory (in Manchester). Sympathized with proletariat and is one
of the most important communist philosophers.
, Communist Manifesto Book written by Marx and Engels for the "Commuist League" in 1848
describing comm. Society. Bottom line=proletarians will form a class, overthrow bourgeousie
and obtain political power.
Hegelian Dialectic history is created by clash of opposites, and this clash creates a new
situation. (thesis, antithesis, synthesis). Created by Hegel.
German Confederation Loose association of the Central European states created by the
Congress of Vienna. Bad communication between states, lots of fights with liberals and
nationalists who wanted a unified Germany.
Kotzebue & Sand Kotzebue was a conservative German Dramatist who thought wanting free
institutions was stupid so he was assassinate by liberal Karl Ludwig Sand, a university student.
Karlsbad Decrees Pushed through by Metternich, dissolved the Burschenschaften and put
restrictions on student groups. Metternich feared them becoming too revolutionary and
Kotzebue's murder was a good excuse.
Prussian reform and reaction Secret police in the German states became more common,
Germans government was paranoid about revolutionaries. Anyone who sought even moderate
political change was a threat.
Decembrist Revolt 1825 A group of military officials revolted against Tsar Nicholas I and his
conservative ideas. They believed Nicholas's brother should have been on the throne, and
wanted a free Russian state with a federal government and constitution. However, Nicholas and
his forces were victorious and Nicholas enforced many new laws to suppress the liberal
movement.
Nicholas I Tsar of Russia, wanted to send troops into Belgium. He declared Poland a
kingdom, but the Poles revolted against the Russians thereby saving the Belgians. The Polish
revolt was crushed by the Russians and Poland became part of Russia as well as losing its
constitution and army.
Charles Fourier extreme socialist that wanted to create communes called 'Phalansteries'
with work for the benefit of all. Believed in male dominance was oppressive, marriage was like
prostitution, and homosexuality was ok. Had crazier ideas too—sea→lemonade? North pole-
→tropical? (1772-1844)
Flora Tristan combined socialism and feminism and advocated complete equality of men
and women in the Women's union (1845) in order to achieve true economic equality (soc'ism).
She was ignored and socialist men remained trad'l in their views on women.
Louis Blanc wanted the government to fund social workshops with capital but then leave
them to be run by the workers themselves, thus countering proletarianization by combining the
worker with the means of production. Described in Organization of Work (1839). Lived (1813-
1882).
Pierre Joseph Proudhon believed property and profit were theft, stolen from workers
because labor was the source of all the wealth, and wanted special banks to loan workers
capital to counter this. He feared the st8 and called himself an anarchist, but rejected violence.
Lived 1809-1865.
Saint-Simon felt that court, aristocrats, church and lawyers were parasites and they should
all be replaced by "doers" (aka scientists, engineers, and industrialists) who would plan and lead
the country for the people. Wanted public ownership of industry and capital (Blanc) and his
goal was to improve the lives of poor (thru pub works proj). lived 1760-1825
Marx Bourgeois (ironic) that collaborated with Engels in Britain to write "The Communist
Manifesto" for the Communist League in January 1848. One of the most important communist
philosophers.
Engels Cowrote the communist manifesto and the Condition of the Working Class in England
after being sent there to run a factory (in Manchester). Sympathized with proletariat and is one
of the most important communist philosophers.
, Communist Manifesto Book written by Marx and Engels for the "Commuist League" in 1848
describing comm. Society. Bottom line=proletarians will form a class, overthrow bourgeousie
and obtain political power.
Hegelian Dialectic history is created by clash of opposites, and this clash creates a new
situation. (thesis, antithesis, synthesis). Created by Hegel.
German Confederation Loose association of the Central European states created by the
Congress of Vienna. Bad communication between states, lots of fights with liberals and
nationalists who wanted a unified Germany.
Kotzebue & Sand Kotzebue was a conservative German Dramatist who thought wanting free
institutions was stupid so he was assassinate by liberal Karl Ludwig Sand, a university student.
Karlsbad Decrees Pushed through by Metternich, dissolved the Burschenschaften and put
restrictions on student groups. Metternich feared them becoming too revolutionary and
Kotzebue's murder was a good excuse.
Prussian reform and reaction Secret police in the German states became more common,
Germans government was paranoid about revolutionaries. Anyone who sought even moderate
political change was a threat.
Decembrist Revolt 1825 A group of military officials revolted against Tsar Nicholas I and his
conservative ideas. They believed Nicholas's brother should have been on the throne, and
wanted a free Russian state with a federal government and constitution. However, Nicholas and
his forces were victorious and Nicholas enforced many new laws to suppress the liberal
movement.
Nicholas I Tsar of Russia, wanted to send troops into Belgium. He declared Poland a
kingdom, but the Poles revolted against the Russians thereby saving the Belgians. The Polish
revolt was crushed by the Russians and Poland became part of Russia as well as losing its
constitution and army.
