TESTBANK #
A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC 11TH EDITION
# # # # # #
Patrick J. Hurley
# #
Passvibes
,Chapter 1 Test A
# # #
MULTIPLE#CHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS:#The#following#selections#relate#to#distinguishing#arguments#from#nonarguments#an
d#identifying#conclusions.#Select#the#best#answer#for#each.
1. There#appears#to#be#a#growing#happiness#gap#between#men#and#women.#Women#today#are#working#
more#and#relaxing#less,#while#men#are#working#less#and#relaxing#more.#Forty#years#ago#a#typical#wo
man#spent#40#minutes#more#per#week#than#the#typical#man#performing#an#activity#considered#unplea
sant.#Today,#with#men#working#less,#the#gap#is#90#minutes#and#growing.
a. Argument;#conclusion:#Today#...#the#gap#is#90#minutes#and#growing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Forty#years#ago#...#an#activity#considered#unpleasant.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#There#appears#to#be#...#between#men#and#women.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Women#today#are#working#more#and#relaxing#less.
ANS:# D PTS:# # 2
2. Lead#is#toxic,#but#do#you#know#why?#Lead#is#toxic#mainly#because#it#preferentially#replaces#other#meta
ls#in#biochemical#reactions.#In#so#doing#it#interferes#with#the#proteins#that#regulate#blood#pressure#(whi
ch#can#cause#development#delays#in#children#and#high#blood#pressure#in#adults),#heme#production#(whi
ch#can#lead#to#anemia),#and#sperm#production.#Lead#also#displaces#calcium#in#the#reactions#that#transm
it#electrical#impulses#in#the#brain,#which#diminishes#the#ability#to#think#and#recall#information.
Anne#Marie#Helmstine,#"Your#Guide#to#Chemistry"
a. Argument;#conclusion:#It#interferes#with#the#proteins#...#and#sperm#production.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Lead#is#toxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#It#preferentially#replaces#other#metals#in#biochemical#reactions.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Lead#also#displaces#calcium#...#recall#information.
ANS:# C PTS:# # 2
3. Aristotle#focused#on#clarifying#the#concept#of#virtue#itself.#He#argued#that#it#was#virtuous#to#choose#the#
proper#amount#of#emotion#and/or#action#called#for#in#a#particular#situation#and#that#extremes#of#emotion
#and#action#were#vices.#In#all#communities#there#are#some#men#of#practical#wisdom#who#have#the#capac
ity#to#judge#wisely.#Aristotle#argued#that#they#have#the#capacity#to#follow#the#"right#rule"#whatever#the#s
ituation.
David#Cooper,#Value#Pluralism#and#Ethical#Choice
a. Argument;#conclusion:#In#all#communities#...#capacity#to#judge#wisely.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Aristotle#focused#on#clarifying#the#concept#of#virtue#itself.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#They#have#the#capacity#to#follow#...#the#situation.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#He#argued#that#it#was#virtuous#...#were#vices
e. Nonargument.
ANS:# E PTS:# # 2
4. Illegal#immigrants#pay#local#sales#taxes,#and#many#of#them#also#pay#state,#local,#and#federal#income#tax#
and#Social#Security#tax.#They#also#purchase#items#from#local#merchants,#increasing#the#amount#these#m
erchants#pay#in#taxes.#In#addition,#they#work#for#low#salaries,#which#increases#the#earnings#of#their#empl
oyers#and#the#amount#of#taxes#these#employers#pay.#Thus,#it#is#not#correct#to#say#that#illegal#immigrants#
contribute#nothing#to#the#communities#in#which#they#live.
a. Argument;#conclusion:#It#is#not#correct#to#say#...#communities#in#which#they#live.
1
Passvibes
, b. Argument;#conclusion:#They#work#for#low#salaries#...#these#employers#pay.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Illegal#immigrants#pay#...#Social#Security#tax.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#They#also#purchase#items#...#pay#in#taxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS:# A PTS:# # 2
5. Numerous#studies#have#indicated#that#women#of#color,#black#women#in#particular,#are#over-
arrested,#over-indicted,#and#over-sentenced.#African-
American#women#are#seven#times#more#likely#to#be#arrested#for#prostitution#than#women#of#other#ethni
c#groups.#Black#women#have#received#significantly#longer#sentences#for#crimes#against#property#and#se
rved#longer#periods#in#prison.#For#both#murder#and#drug#offenses,#Euroamerican#women#ended#up#serv
ing#one-third#less#time#for#the#same#offenses#than#black#women.
Nancy#Kurshan,#"Women#and#Imprisonment#in#the#U.S."
a. Argument;#conclusion:#African-American#women#...#other#ethnic#groups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#For#both#murder#and#drug#offenses#...#black#women.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#Numerous#studies#have#indicated#...#over-sentenced.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Black#women#have#received#...#longer#periods#in#prison.
ANS:# B PTS:# # 2
6. It's#even#more#important#these#days#that#your#computer#be#protected#by#a#firewall.#There#are#criminal#el
ements#lurking#in#the#shadows#of#cyberspace#who#send#out#probes#to#detect#unprotected#PCs.#Once#a#vu
lnerable#computer#is#found,#these#criminals#install#software#that#assists#them#in#committing#identity#the
ft#and#fencing#stolen#IDs.#They#also#defraud#online#advertisers#by#using#these#zombie#computers#to#visi
t#pay-per-click#ads.
a. Argument;#conclusion:#There#are#criminal#elements#...#to#detect#unprotected#PCs.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Once#a#vulnerable#computer#...#fencing#stolen#IDs.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#They#also#defraud#...#to#visit#pay-per-click#ads.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#It's#even#more#important#...#protected#by#a#firewall.
ANS:# E PTS:# # 2
7. The#earth#is#of#interest#to#astronomy#for#many#reasons.#Nearly#all#observations#must#be#made#through#th
e#atmosphere,#and#the#phenomena#of#the#upper#atmosphere#and#the#magnetosphere#reflect#the#state#of#int
erplanetary#space.#The#earth#is#also#the#most#important#object#of#comparison#for#planetologists.
Hannu#Karttunen,#et#al.,#Fundamental#Astronomy
a. Argument;#conclusion:#The#phenomena#...#state#of#interplanetary#space.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#The#earth#is#also#...#for#planetologists.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#The#earth#is#of#interest#to#astronomy.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Nearly#all#observations#...#through#the#atmosphere.
ANS:# C PTS:# # 2
8. If#the#trade#in#tiger#products#is#banned,#tiger#reserves#are#guarded#by#well#equipped#staff,#communities#
abutting#tiger#habitat#are#given#a#stake#in#protecting#tigers,#and#the#makers#of#traditional#medicines#can#
be#persuaded#that#tiger#parts#are#not#needed,#then#tiger#poaching#will#be#halted,#habitat#and#life#sustaini
ng#prey#will#be#restored,#and#the#immanent#extinction#of#tigers#in#the#wild#will#be#averted.
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#The#trade#in#tiger#products#is#banned.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Tiger#poaching#will#be#halted.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#The#makers#of#traditional#medicines#...#not#needed.
2
Passvibes
, e. Argument;#conclusion:#Tiger#poaching#will#be#halted#...#will#be#averted.
ANS:# A PTS:# # 2
9. Humans#are#biological#organisms.#To#understand#our#behavior#and#mental#processes,#we#need#to#unde
rstand#their#biological#underpinnings,#starting#with#the#cellular#level,#the#neuron.#How#we#feel,#learn,#r
emember,#and#think#all#stem#from#neuronal#activity.#So,#how#a#neuron#works#and#how#neurons#commu
nicate#are#crucial#pieces#of#information#in#solving#the#puzzle#of#human#behavior#and#mental#processin
g.
Richard#Griggs,#Psychology:#A#Concise#Introduction
a. Argument;#conclusion:#To#understand#our#behavior#...#the#neuron.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Humans#are#biological#organisms.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#How#we#feel#...#neuronal#activity.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#How#a#neuron#works#...#mental#processing.
e. Nonargument.
ANS:# D PTS:# # 2
10. Viruses#are#acellular#entities#too#small#to#be#seen#with#a#light#microscope.#They#are#composed#of#a#nucl
eic#acid#and#a#few#proteins.#Viruses#replicate#themselves#and#display#other#properties#of#living#organis
ms#only#when#they#have#invaded#living#cells.#Indeed,#some#viruses#can#be#crystallized#and#stored#in#a#c
ontainer#on#a#shelf#for#years,#but#they#retain#the#capacity#to#invade#cells#and#cause#disease.
Jacquelyn#C.#Black,#Microbiology:#Principles#and#Explorations
a. Argument;#conclusion:#They#are#composed#of#a#nucleic#acid#and#a#few#proteins.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Viruses#are#acellular#entities#...#microscope.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#Indeed,#some#viruses#can#be#crystallized#...#cause#disease.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Viruses#replicate#themselves#...#invaded#living#cells.
ANS:# B PTS:# # 2
11. Harnessing#the#clean,#abundant#energy#of#the#sun#and#wind#is#critical#to#solving#the#global#warming#pr
oblem.#Technological#advances#have#brought#the#cost#of#electricity#generated#by#the#wind#down#by#82
#percent#since#1981.#Solar#energy#technology#has#made#remarkable#progress#as#new#photovoltaic#cells
#have#been#developed#to#convert#even#greater#amounts#of#sunlight#directly#into#electricity.#Today#the#c
osts#of#wind#and#solar#power#are#becoming#competitive#with#dirty#coal-fired#plants.
Sierra#Club,#"Global#Warming#Solutions"
a. Argument;#conclusion:#Today#the#costs#of#wind#...#dirty#coal-fired#plants.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Technological#advances#...#by#82#percent#since#1981.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Harnessing#the#clean#...#the#global#warming#problem.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Solar#energy#technology#...#directly#into#electricity.
ANS:# D PTS:# # 2
12. It#is#likely#that#innocent#prisoners#in#this#country#have#been#executed#for#crimes#they#did#not#commit.#Fr
om#1973#until#2007,#124#death#row#inmates#have#been#exonerated.#In#many#of#these#cases#DNA#eviden
ce#played#a#crucial#role.#Yet,#in#that#same#time#frame,#more#than#1000#prisoners#were#executed.#For#ma
ny#of#these#prisoners#no#DNA#evidence#was#available.#If#such#evidence#had#been#available,#how#may#m
ore#would#have#been#exonerated?
a. Argument;#conclusion:#In#many#of#these#cases#...#played#a#crucial#role.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#From#1973#...#have#been#exonerated.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#For#many#of#these#prisoners#...#was#available.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#It#is#likely#that#innocent#prisoners#...#they#did#not#commit.
3
Passvibes
A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC 11TH EDITION
# # # # # #
Patrick J. Hurley
# #
Passvibes
,Chapter 1 Test A
# # #
MULTIPLE#CHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS:#The#following#selections#relate#to#distinguishing#arguments#from#nonarguments#an
d#identifying#conclusions.#Select#the#best#answer#for#each.
1. There#appears#to#be#a#growing#happiness#gap#between#men#and#women.#Women#today#are#working#
more#and#relaxing#less,#while#men#are#working#less#and#relaxing#more.#Forty#years#ago#a#typical#wo
man#spent#40#minutes#more#per#week#than#the#typical#man#performing#an#activity#considered#unplea
sant.#Today,#with#men#working#less,#the#gap#is#90#minutes#and#growing.
a. Argument;#conclusion:#Today#...#the#gap#is#90#minutes#and#growing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Forty#years#ago#...#an#activity#considered#unpleasant.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#There#appears#to#be#...#between#men#and#women.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Women#today#are#working#more#and#relaxing#less.
ANS:# D PTS:# # 2
2. Lead#is#toxic,#but#do#you#know#why?#Lead#is#toxic#mainly#because#it#preferentially#replaces#other#meta
ls#in#biochemical#reactions.#In#so#doing#it#interferes#with#the#proteins#that#regulate#blood#pressure#(whi
ch#can#cause#development#delays#in#children#and#high#blood#pressure#in#adults),#heme#production#(whi
ch#can#lead#to#anemia),#and#sperm#production.#Lead#also#displaces#calcium#in#the#reactions#that#transm
it#electrical#impulses#in#the#brain,#which#diminishes#the#ability#to#think#and#recall#information.
Anne#Marie#Helmstine,#"Your#Guide#to#Chemistry"
a. Argument;#conclusion:#It#interferes#with#the#proteins#...#and#sperm#production.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Lead#is#toxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#It#preferentially#replaces#other#metals#in#biochemical#reactions.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Lead#also#displaces#calcium#...#recall#information.
ANS:# C PTS:# # 2
3. Aristotle#focused#on#clarifying#the#concept#of#virtue#itself.#He#argued#that#it#was#virtuous#to#choose#the#
proper#amount#of#emotion#and/or#action#called#for#in#a#particular#situation#and#that#extremes#of#emotion
#and#action#were#vices.#In#all#communities#there#are#some#men#of#practical#wisdom#who#have#the#capac
ity#to#judge#wisely.#Aristotle#argued#that#they#have#the#capacity#to#follow#the#"right#rule"#whatever#the#s
ituation.
David#Cooper,#Value#Pluralism#and#Ethical#Choice
a. Argument;#conclusion:#In#all#communities#...#capacity#to#judge#wisely.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Aristotle#focused#on#clarifying#the#concept#of#virtue#itself.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#They#have#the#capacity#to#follow#...#the#situation.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#He#argued#that#it#was#virtuous#...#were#vices
e. Nonargument.
ANS:# E PTS:# # 2
4. Illegal#immigrants#pay#local#sales#taxes,#and#many#of#them#also#pay#state,#local,#and#federal#income#tax#
and#Social#Security#tax.#They#also#purchase#items#from#local#merchants,#increasing#the#amount#these#m
erchants#pay#in#taxes.#In#addition,#they#work#for#low#salaries,#which#increases#the#earnings#of#their#empl
oyers#and#the#amount#of#taxes#these#employers#pay.#Thus,#it#is#not#correct#to#say#that#illegal#immigrants#
contribute#nothing#to#the#communities#in#which#they#live.
a. Argument;#conclusion:#It#is#not#correct#to#say#...#communities#in#which#they#live.
1
Passvibes
, b. Argument;#conclusion:#They#work#for#low#salaries#...#these#employers#pay.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Illegal#immigrants#pay#...#Social#Security#tax.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#They#also#purchase#items#...#pay#in#taxes.
e. Nonargument.
ANS:# A PTS:# # 2
5. Numerous#studies#have#indicated#that#women#of#color,#black#women#in#particular,#are#over-
arrested,#over-indicted,#and#over-sentenced.#African-
American#women#are#seven#times#more#likely#to#be#arrested#for#prostitution#than#women#of#other#ethni
c#groups.#Black#women#have#received#significantly#longer#sentences#for#crimes#against#property#and#se
rved#longer#periods#in#prison.#For#both#murder#and#drug#offenses,#Euroamerican#women#ended#up#serv
ing#one-third#less#time#for#the#same#offenses#than#black#women.
Nancy#Kurshan,#"Women#and#Imprisonment#in#the#U.S."
a. Argument;#conclusion:#African-American#women#...#other#ethnic#groups.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#For#both#murder#and#drug#offenses#...#black#women.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#Numerous#studies#have#indicated#...#over-sentenced.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Black#women#have#received#...#longer#periods#in#prison.
ANS:# B PTS:# # 2
6. It's#even#more#important#these#days#that#your#computer#be#protected#by#a#firewall.#There#are#criminal#el
ements#lurking#in#the#shadows#of#cyberspace#who#send#out#probes#to#detect#unprotected#PCs.#Once#a#vu
lnerable#computer#is#found,#these#criminals#install#software#that#assists#them#in#committing#identity#the
ft#and#fencing#stolen#IDs.#They#also#defraud#online#advertisers#by#using#these#zombie#computers#to#visi
t#pay-per-click#ads.
a. Argument;#conclusion:#There#are#criminal#elements#...#to#detect#unprotected#PCs.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Once#a#vulnerable#computer#...#fencing#stolen#IDs.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#They#also#defraud#...#to#visit#pay-per-click#ads.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#It's#even#more#important#...#protected#by#a#firewall.
ANS:# E PTS:# # 2
7. The#earth#is#of#interest#to#astronomy#for#many#reasons.#Nearly#all#observations#must#be#made#through#th
e#atmosphere,#and#the#phenomena#of#the#upper#atmosphere#and#the#magnetosphere#reflect#the#state#of#int
erplanetary#space.#The#earth#is#also#the#most#important#object#of#comparison#for#planetologists.
Hannu#Karttunen,#et#al.,#Fundamental#Astronomy
a. Argument;#conclusion:#The#phenomena#...#state#of#interplanetary#space.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#The#earth#is#also#...#for#planetologists.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#The#earth#is#of#interest#to#astronomy.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Nearly#all#observations#...#through#the#atmosphere.
ANS:# C PTS:# # 2
8. If#the#trade#in#tiger#products#is#banned,#tiger#reserves#are#guarded#by#well#equipped#staff,#communities#
abutting#tiger#habitat#are#given#a#stake#in#protecting#tigers,#and#the#makers#of#traditional#medicines#can#
be#persuaded#that#tiger#parts#are#not#needed,#then#tiger#poaching#will#be#halted,#habitat#and#life#sustaini
ng#prey#will#be#restored,#and#the#immanent#extinction#of#tigers#in#the#wild#will#be#averted.
a. Nonargument.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#The#trade#in#tiger#products#is#banned.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Tiger#poaching#will#be#halted.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#The#makers#of#traditional#medicines#...#not#needed.
2
Passvibes
, e. Argument;#conclusion:#Tiger#poaching#will#be#halted#...#will#be#averted.
ANS:# A PTS:# # 2
9. Humans#are#biological#organisms.#To#understand#our#behavior#and#mental#processes,#we#need#to#unde
rstand#their#biological#underpinnings,#starting#with#the#cellular#level,#the#neuron.#How#we#feel,#learn,#r
emember,#and#think#all#stem#from#neuronal#activity.#So,#how#a#neuron#works#and#how#neurons#commu
nicate#are#crucial#pieces#of#information#in#solving#the#puzzle#of#human#behavior#and#mental#processin
g.
Richard#Griggs,#Psychology:#A#Concise#Introduction
a. Argument;#conclusion:#To#understand#our#behavior#...#the#neuron.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Humans#are#biological#organisms.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#How#we#feel#...#neuronal#activity.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#How#a#neuron#works#...#mental#processing.
e. Nonargument.
ANS:# D PTS:# # 2
10. Viruses#are#acellular#entities#too#small#to#be#seen#with#a#light#microscope.#They#are#composed#of#a#nucl
eic#acid#and#a#few#proteins.#Viruses#replicate#themselves#and#display#other#properties#of#living#organis
ms#only#when#they#have#invaded#living#cells.#Indeed,#some#viruses#can#be#crystallized#and#stored#in#a#c
ontainer#on#a#shelf#for#years,#but#they#retain#the#capacity#to#invade#cells#and#cause#disease.
Jacquelyn#C.#Black,#Microbiology:#Principles#and#Explorations
a. Argument;#conclusion:#They#are#composed#of#a#nucleic#acid#and#a#few#proteins.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Viruses#are#acellular#entities#...#microscope.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#Indeed,#some#viruses#can#be#crystallized#...#cause#disease.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Viruses#replicate#themselves#...#invaded#living#cells.
ANS:# B PTS:# # 2
11. Harnessing#the#clean,#abundant#energy#of#the#sun#and#wind#is#critical#to#solving#the#global#warming#pr
oblem.#Technological#advances#have#brought#the#cost#of#electricity#generated#by#the#wind#down#by#82
#percent#since#1981.#Solar#energy#technology#has#made#remarkable#progress#as#new#photovoltaic#cells
#have#been#developed#to#convert#even#greater#amounts#of#sunlight#directly#into#electricity.#Today#the#c
osts#of#wind#and#solar#power#are#becoming#competitive#with#dirty#coal-fired#plants.
Sierra#Club,#"Global#Warming#Solutions"
a. Argument;#conclusion:#Today#the#costs#of#wind#...#dirty#coal-fired#plants.
b. Argument;#conclusion:#Technological#advances#...#by#82#percent#since#1981.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#Harnessing#the#clean#...#the#global#warming#problem.
d. Nonargument.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#Solar#energy#technology#...#directly#into#electricity.
ANS:# D PTS:# # 2
12. It#is#likely#that#innocent#prisoners#in#this#country#have#been#executed#for#crimes#they#did#not#commit.#Fr
om#1973#until#2007,#124#death#row#inmates#have#been#exonerated.#In#many#of#these#cases#DNA#eviden
ce#played#a#crucial#role.#Yet,#in#that#same#time#frame,#more#than#1000#prisoners#were#executed.#For#ma
ny#of#these#prisoners#no#DNA#evidence#was#available.#If#such#evidence#had#been#available,#how#may#m
ore#would#have#been#exonerated?
a. Argument;#conclusion:#In#many#of#these#cases#...#played#a#crucial#role.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument;#conclusion:#From#1973#...#have#been#exonerated.
d. Argument;#conclusion:#For#many#of#these#prisoners#...#was#available.
e. Argument;#conclusion:#It#is#likely#that#innocent#prisoners#...#they#did#not#commit.
3
Passvibes
