NSG 320 LATEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
RATED A+
✔✔Hepatic encephalopathy s/s - ✔✔-astrixis
-twitching of extremities
-confusion
-inappropriate behavior
DUE TO INCREASE AMMONIA LEVELS
✔✔what medication is avoided with cirrhosis - ✔✔acetaminophen
✔✔Acetaminophen antidote - ✔✔acetylcysteine
✔✔since the liver is not working as a "recycling company" what can happen - ✔✔-
increased ammonia
-decreased drug metabolism (drug toxicity!)
-hypoalbuminemia
-decreased bile
-increased cholesterol and biliruben
-decreased clotting factors (huge bleeding risk)
✔✔S/S of cirrhosis - ✔✔-increased BP (PORTAL HTN)
-esophageal varicies
-ascites
-hepatic encephalopathy
-pruritus
✔✔what is the priority if an esophageal varices pops - ✔✔MAINTAIN AIRWAY
-turn patient to the side
-no NG
-no straining
✔✔what lab levels are high in cirrhosis - ✔✔-ammonia
-AST ALT
-biliruben
-PT, aPTT, INR
✔✔what lab levels are low in cirrhosis - ✔✔-albumin
-calcium
-platelets
✔✔intervention for ascites - ✔✔Paracentesis
✔✔before a paracentesis, the nurse should - ✔✔1. tell client to empty bladder
2. VS
, 3. measure abdominal circumference and weight
4. HOB High fowlers
✔✔Diet for cirrhosis - ✔✔-low protein (for hepatic encepholopathy)
-low sodium and fluid (for ascites
-no alcohol
-oral care before meal in patients with malnutrition
✔✔what medication is used for hepatic encephalopathy - ✔✔Lactulose (lose ammonia
via bowels)
✔✔how do you evaluate effectiveness of Lactulose - ✔✔-2-3 soft stools/day
-lower ammonia levels
-improved mental status
✔✔Cholecystitis - ✔✔inflammation of the gallbladder, typically caused by gallstones
-stones block the duct causing backup of bile
✔✔risk factors for Cholecystitis - ✔✔Fat (high fat diet, obesity)
Female
Forty
Fertile
Familial
✔✔s/s of Cholecystitis - ✔✔-RUQ PAIN RADIATES TO RIGHT SHOULDER
-fever with chills
-tachycardia
-vomiting green/yellow bile
-pain gets WORSE with high fat foods
-steatorrhea
✔✔priority intervention for Cholecystitis - ✔✔NPO status
✔✔treatment for Cholecystitis - ✔✔-lithotripsy (shock waves to break up stones)
-cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder)
✔✔diet education for Cholecystitis - ✔✔avoid fatty fried foods
lose weight
✔✔causes for flare ups for IBD - ✔✔-stress
-smoking
-sepsis/infection
✔✔ulcerative colitis - ✔✔chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers that
bleed
RATED A+
✔✔Hepatic encephalopathy s/s - ✔✔-astrixis
-twitching of extremities
-confusion
-inappropriate behavior
DUE TO INCREASE AMMONIA LEVELS
✔✔what medication is avoided with cirrhosis - ✔✔acetaminophen
✔✔Acetaminophen antidote - ✔✔acetylcysteine
✔✔since the liver is not working as a "recycling company" what can happen - ✔✔-
increased ammonia
-decreased drug metabolism (drug toxicity!)
-hypoalbuminemia
-decreased bile
-increased cholesterol and biliruben
-decreased clotting factors (huge bleeding risk)
✔✔S/S of cirrhosis - ✔✔-increased BP (PORTAL HTN)
-esophageal varicies
-ascites
-hepatic encephalopathy
-pruritus
✔✔what is the priority if an esophageal varices pops - ✔✔MAINTAIN AIRWAY
-turn patient to the side
-no NG
-no straining
✔✔what lab levels are high in cirrhosis - ✔✔-ammonia
-AST ALT
-biliruben
-PT, aPTT, INR
✔✔what lab levels are low in cirrhosis - ✔✔-albumin
-calcium
-platelets
✔✔intervention for ascites - ✔✔Paracentesis
✔✔before a paracentesis, the nurse should - ✔✔1. tell client to empty bladder
2. VS
, 3. measure abdominal circumference and weight
4. HOB High fowlers
✔✔Diet for cirrhosis - ✔✔-low protein (for hepatic encepholopathy)
-low sodium and fluid (for ascites
-no alcohol
-oral care before meal in patients with malnutrition
✔✔what medication is used for hepatic encephalopathy - ✔✔Lactulose (lose ammonia
via bowels)
✔✔how do you evaluate effectiveness of Lactulose - ✔✔-2-3 soft stools/day
-lower ammonia levels
-improved mental status
✔✔Cholecystitis - ✔✔inflammation of the gallbladder, typically caused by gallstones
-stones block the duct causing backup of bile
✔✔risk factors for Cholecystitis - ✔✔Fat (high fat diet, obesity)
Female
Forty
Fertile
Familial
✔✔s/s of Cholecystitis - ✔✔-RUQ PAIN RADIATES TO RIGHT SHOULDER
-fever with chills
-tachycardia
-vomiting green/yellow bile
-pain gets WORSE with high fat foods
-steatorrhea
✔✔priority intervention for Cholecystitis - ✔✔NPO status
✔✔treatment for Cholecystitis - ✔✔-lithotripsy (shock waves to break up stones)
-cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder)
✔✔diet education for Cholecystitis - ✔✔avoid fatty fried foods
lose weight
✔✔causes for flare ups for IBD - ✔✔-stress
-smoking
-sepsis/infection
✔✔ulcerative colitis - ✔✔chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers that
bleed
