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Summary IGCSE First language Mandarin (ways for writing essays)

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This is a summarized notes and tips for writing a mandarin essay, especially for IGCSE First language Chinese. It consists of different ways to write an impressive essay, helping you to achieve a high score in essay writing. There are both tips for writing argumentative and descriptive/ narrative essays, as well as the literacy devices. I hope that it is useful for you:)

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叙述文、描写文写作手法


写作手法 解释

气氛渲染 ● 刻画环境和场面,营造气氛
● 让读者身临其境
● 例子: 有人去世
小雨如泣如诉。 长安街两旁的树木,无精打采地低着头。抑郁和沉
重,是凝固地空气,拥塞了每个空间,每个角落。世界在这一刻停
止了呼吸。

借事抒情 ● 把感触融入于形象 (主管感情客观化、形象化)
● 借助对眼前事物的描写,来抒发自己的思绪、感情
● 所描写的物象在外形和特质上,必须与所寄托的感情有相似的地方
● 例子:月亮由大圆盘变成小月牙,又从小月牙变成大圆盘,可是爸
爸一直沒出现。

伏笔 ● 暗示读者预知故事情节将有的发展 (foreshadow)
● 例子:小姑娘 “挪动竹凳” 、“登上竹凳想去摘墙上的听话器” → 小
姑娘的妈妈生病了,她想打电话叫医生来为妈妈看病。

承上启下 ● 用一句话来承接上文,引出下文
● 例子:酿蜜方式引申 → 一切成功的学习、工作,经验

咏物寄意 ● 对事物进行吟咏描述后,表达自己对生活、人生或世界的感悟或观

● 引出见解、哲理
● 例子:蜜蜂采蜜 → 学习其勤劳

借事说理 ● 叙述事情,说明道理
● 深奥的事理 → 具体化描写
● 例子:(诚实)
(​借事​)大学毕业生,为了要进入知名公司实习,面试时上交了一
份假的简历,结果不但没有被录取,反而进入了其公司地黑名单,
再无立足之地。(​说理​)诚实是做人的基本要求,企图欺騙他人谋
取私利,是不会有好结果的。

, 以小见大 ● 通过小事看出大节
● 抓点,集中描写,延伸放大
● 例子:拾金不昧
捡到的东西价值可能不高 → 反映出来的是这个人崇高的道德品质

仿古 ● 用古词替换白话
● 例子: 秦始皇乃始烧书 → 始皇始烧书

白描 ● 用最朴素的语言写作
○ 不要堆积形容词
● 例子:描写军人
他长得很矮,看样子顶多也不过十八岁。圆的脸,大眼睛,下巴有
一道细长的疤痕,显然是子弹掠过时留下的痕迹。

造势 ● 先埋一些伏笔 → 再进入主题

多角度描写 ● 俯视、仰视、平视
● 近观、远望
● 例子:(海边)
(远望)​再往前看,就是无边无际的大海了眺望大海的尽头,水天
一色,像笼罩着一层白雾远处的波浪慢慢地向海边靠近​(近观)​当
快到岸边时,迅速形成了一波波浪花,扑上岸来。

动态描写 ● 捕捉景物活动变化
● 例子:每当一排排的波浪涌起的时候,那仰照在浪峰上的霞光,又
红又亮,简直就像一片片霍霍燃烧着的火焰,闪烁着,消失了。而
后面的一排,有闪烁着,滚动着,涌了过来。

感官描写 ● 五种感官(视、听、味、嗅、触)
● 内容更具体传神,更容易产生共鸣
● 例子:(味觉)
人们说吃了苦瓜就像经历了人生,把它放进嘴里时有一种难以形容
的苦涩味,当我们习惯了那种苦涩,就会尝到它的甘甜味,苦尽甘
来。

肖像描写 ● 外貌特征 (身材体型、容貌五官、服饰打扮、表情仪态)以反映人

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Hi, I supply notes for A-level students that are made by myself :) I will also upload some of my IGCSE notes up here (IG results: 7A* and 2As) Subjects (AS and A level): Pure and Statistic Math, Business, Economics, Accounting Subjects (IGCSE): First language English, First language Chinese, Foreign language Malay, Mathematics, Additional Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Economics

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