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NR 326 Comprehensive Mental Health Exam
Review with Accurate Questions and Solutions
Mental Health - ANSWER the successful adaptation to stressors from the internal
or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are
age-appropriate and congruent with local and cultural norms
Mental Illness - ANSWER Maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or
external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are
incongruent with the local and cultural norms and interfere with the individual's
social, occupational, or physical functioning
mental health - WHO - ANSWER a state of well-being in which each individual is
able to realize his or her own potential, cope with the normal stresses of life, work
productively and fruitfully, and make a contribution to the community
mental illness (Health Canada, 2002) - ANSWER refers to all mental disorders
with definable diagnoses
Epp Report - mental health continuum - ANSWER this depiction of mental health
and mental illness allows for 4 possible outcomes:
1. maximal mental disorder and optimal mental health
2. optimal mental health and absence of mental disorder
3. absence of mental disorder and minimal mental health
4. minimal mental health and maximal mental disorder
Mental health determinants - ANSWER
10 components of recovery (SAMHSA, 2011) - ANSWER 1. self-directed
2. individual- and person -centred
3. empowering
4. holistic
5. nonlinear
6. strengths-based
7. peer-supported
8. respect
9. responsibility
, 2
10. hope
epidemiology - ANSWER the quantitative study of the distribution of mental
disorders in human populations
incidence - ANSWER the number of new cases of mental health disorders in a
healthy population within a given period of time
prevalence - ANSWER the total number of cases, new and existing, in a given
population during a specific period of time, regardless of when the subjects became
ill
dual diagnosis - ANSWER
comorbidity - ANSWER more than one (mental) disorder at a time
Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory - ANSWER - advanced the first theory of
personality development
- articulated levels of awareness (unconscious, preconscious and conscious) and
demonstrated the influence of our unconscious behaviour on everyday life, as
evidence by use of defence mechanisms
- identified 3 psychological processes of personality (id, ego, superego)
- 5 stages of psychosexual stages articulate developmental theories of personality
Erikson's Ego Theory - ANSWER - expanded on Freud's developmental stages to
include middle age through old age
- called his stages psychosocial stages and emphasized the social aspect of
personality development; development extended beyond the Mother/Father/Child
triangle and included society that occurred throughout the lifespan
Harry Stack Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory - ANSWER the foundation of
Hildegard Peplau's nursing theory of interpersonal relationships
- focuses on interpersonal processes that can be observed in a social framework
believing that therapy should educate patients and assist them in gaining personal
insight
, 3
- the nurse must interact with the patient as an authentic human being; mutuality,
respect for the patient, unconditional acceptance, and empathy
Tidal Model - ANSWER created by Phill Barker II (used at ROH)
focuses on the lived experience of the person-in-care and is based on the
assumptions that people are their life stories and that they generate meaning
through such stories
10 commitments:
-Value the voice
-Respect the language
-Develop genuine curiosity
-Become the apprentice
-Reveal (the person's) personal wisdom
-Be transparent
-Use the available toolkit (the person's story - what has worked)
-Craft the gift of time (reframing how we see time - how do we use this time?)
-Know that change is constant
concurrent disorder - ANSWER e.g. mental disorder and a coexisting substance
disorder
Hildegard Peplau's theory of interpersonal relationships in nursing - ANSWER the
theory that is mainly concerned with the processes by which the nurse helps
patients make positive changes in their health care status and well-being; illness
offers a unique opportunity for experiential learning, personal growth, and
improved coping strategies that psychiatric nurses play a unique role in facilitating
an interpersonal relations in nursing model that comprises three overlapping
themes:
1. the orientation phase
2. the working phase
3. the termination phase
, 4
pharmacodynamics - ANSWER refers to the biochemical and physiological
effects of drugs on the body, which include the mechanisms of drug action and its
effect
pharmacokinetics - ANSWER refers to the actions of the body on the drug and
involves absorption (how much of the drug enters the circulation) and distribution
of an administered drug
determines the blood levels of drug, therefore determines dosage
Anti anxiety and Hypnotic Drugs - ANSWER GABA is the major inhibitory
neurotransmitter in the CNS; include 4 types:
1. benzodiazipnes
2. short-acting sedative-hypnotic sleep drugs
3. buspirone hydrochloride
4. SSRI's
benzodiazepines - ANSWER promote the activity of GABA by binding to a
specific receptor on the GABA(A) receptor complex and results in inhibited
cellular excitation because neurotransmitters cannot be released leading to a
calming effect
at higher doses, all cause sedation (hypnotic effect); effective as anticonvulsants
for their ability to reduce the neuronal overexcitement of alcohol withdrawal
benzodiazepines - ANSWER - diazepam
- clonazepam
- alprazolam
- lorazepam
- temazepam
- triazolam
- nitrazepam
- oxazepam
zopiclone - ANSWER a short-acting sedative-hypnotic sleep drug, termed z-drug
it is unrelated to existing hypnotics, but promotes GABA and inhibits the release of
neurotransmitters with a fast onset of action
NR 326 Comprehensive Mental Health Exam
Review with Accurate Questions and Solutions
Mental Health - ANSWER the successful adaptation to stressors from the internal
or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are
age-appropriate and congruent with local and cultural norms
Mental Illness - ANSWER Maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or
external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are
incongruent with the local and cultural norms and interfere with the individual's
social, occupational, or physical functioning
mental health - WHO - ANSWER a state of well-being in which each individual is
able to realize his or her own potential, cope with the normal stresses of life, work
productively and fruitfully, and make a contribution to the community
mental illness (Health Canada, 2002) - ANSWER refers to all mental disorders
with definable diagnoses
Epp Report - mental health continuum - ANSWER this depiction of mental health
and mental illness allows for 4 possible outcomes:
1. maximal mental disorder and optimal mental health
2. optimal mental health and absence of mental disorder
3. absence of mental disorder and minimal mental health
4. minimal mental health and maximal mental disorder
Mental health determinants - ANSWER
10 components of recovery (SAMHSA, 2011) - ANSWER 1. self-directed
2. individual- and person -centred
3. empowering
4. holistic
5. nonlinear
6. strengths-based
7. peer-supported
8. respect
9. responsibility
, 2
10. hope
epidemiology - ANSWER the quantitative study of the distribution of mental
disorders in human populations
incidence - ANSWER the number of new cases of mental health disorders in a
healthy population within a given period of time
prevalence - ANSWER the total number of cases, new and existing, in a given
population during a specific period of time, regardless of when the subjects became
ill
dual diagnosis - ANSWER
comorbidity - ANSWER more than one (mental) disorder at a time
Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory - ANSWER - advanced the first theory of
personality development
- articulated levels of awareness (unconscious, preconscious and conscious) and
demonstrated the influence of our unconscious behaviour on everyday life, as
evidence by use of defence mechanisms
- identified 3 psychological processes of personality (id, ego, superego)
- 5 stages of psychosexual stages articulate developmental theories of personality
Erikson's Ego Theory - ANSWER - expanded on Freud's developmental stages to
include middle age through old age
- called his stages psychosocial stages and emphasized the social aspect of
personality development; development extended beyond the Mother/Father/Child
triangle and included society that occurred throughout the lifespan
Harry Stack Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory - ANSWER the foundation of
Hildegard Peplau's nursing theory of interpersonal relationships
- focuses on interpersonal processes that can be observed in a social framework
believing that therapy should educate patients and assist them in gaining personal
insight
, 3
- the nurse must interact with the patient as an authentic human being; mutuality,
respect for the patient, unconditional acceptance, and empathy
Tidal Model - ANSWER created by Phill Barker II (used at ROH)
focuses on the lived experience of the person-in-care and is based on the
assumptions that people are their life stories and that they generate meaning
through such stories
10 commitments:
-Value the voice
-Respect the language
-Develop genuine curiosity
-Become the apprentice
-Reveal (the person's) personal wisdom
-Be transparent
-Use the available toolkit (the person's story - what has worked)
-Craft the gift of time (reframing how we see time - how do we use this time?)
-Know that change is constant
concurrent disorder - ANSWER e.g. mental disorder and a coexisting substance
disorder
Hildegard Peplau's theory of interpersonal relationships in nursing - ANSWER the
theory that is mainly concerned with the processes by which the nurse helps
patients make positive changes in their health care status and well-being; illness
offers a unique opportunity for experiential learning, personal growth, and
improved coping strategies that psychiatric nurses play a unique role in facilitating
an interpersonal relations in nursing model that comprises three overlapping
themes:
1. the orientation phase
2. the working phase
3. the termination phase
, 4
pharmacodynamics - ANSWER refers to the biochemical and physiological
effects of drugs on the body, which include the mechanisms of drug action and its
effect
pharmacokinetics - ANSWER refers to the actions of the body on the drug and
involves absorption (how much of the drug enters the circulation) and distribution
of an administered drug
determines the blood levels of drug, therefore determines dosage
Anti anxiety and Hypnotic Drugs - ANSWER GABA is the major inhibitory
neurotransmitter in the CNS; include 4 types:
1. benzodiazipnes
2. short-acting sedative-hypnotic sleep drugs
3. buspirone hydrochloride
4. SSRI's
benzodiazepines - ANSWER promote the activity of GABA by binding to a
specific receptor on the GABA(A) receptor complex and results in inhibited
cellular excitation because neurotransmitters cannot be released leading to a
calming effect
at higher doses, all cause sedation (hypnotic effect); effective as anticonvulsants
for their ability to reduce the neuronal overexcitement of alcohol withdrawal
benzodiazepines - ANSWER - diazepam
- clonazepam
- alprazolam
- lorazepam
- temazepam
- triazolam
- nitrazepam
- oxazepam
zopiclone - ANSWER a short-acting sedative-hypnotic sleep drug, termed z-drug
it is unrelated to existing hypnotics, but promotes GABA and inhibits the release of
neurotransmitters with a fast onset of action
