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NR 511
NR 511/ NR511 Final Exam | Differential Diagnosis and
Primary Care Practicum | Questions & Answers | Grade
A | Chamberlain College (Latest 2026/ 2027)
1. Which anemia causes macrocytic, normochromic red
blood cells that are large and irregular?
o A) Folic acid / Vitamin B12 deficiency
o B) Thalassemia
o C) All of the above
o D) Acute blood loss anemia
Correct Answer: A) Folic acid / Vitamin B12 deficiency
Rationale: Megaloblastic anemias caused by deficiencies in
vitamin B12 or folic acid produce large (macrocytic), normally
hemoglobin-filled (normochromic) red blood cells with abnormal
shapes (anisocytosis and poikilocytosis). Thalassemia is
microcytic.
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NR 511
2. What is included in the differential diagnosis for
gastroenteritis?
o A) IBD, IBS, ischemic bowel disease, obstruction, and brain
tumor
o B) Lung mass, IBD, IBS
o C) None of the above
o D) IBD, IBS, ischemic bowel disease, obstruction, and pelvic
abscess
Correct Answer: D) IBD, IBS, ischemic bowel disease,
obstruction, and pelvic abscess
Rationale: Gastroenteritis-like symptoms (abdominal pain,
diarrhea) can be mimicked by other intra-abdominal pathologies,
including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS), vascular issues (ischemic bowel), mechanical
problems (obstruction), and localized infections (pelvic abscess).
3. What are causes of gastroenteritis?
o A) Brain tumor
o B) Dietary factors, metabolic factors, DM, hyperthyroidism,
adrenal insufficiency
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NR 511
o C) Infectious agents, bacterial pathogens
o D) Both Blue and Yellow responses
Correct Answer: C) Infectious agents, bacterial pathogens
Rationale: By definition, gastroenteritis is inflammation of the
stomach and intestines most commonly caused by infectious
agents like viruses, bacteria, and parasites. While the conditions
in option B can cause similar symptoms, they are not causes of
infectious gastroenteritis itself.
4. What is G6PD deficiency?
o A) Episodic hemolytic anemia, X-linked in African American
males
o B) Episodic hemolytic anemia, Y-linked in African American
females
o C) Episodic hemolytic anemia, X-linked in Caucasians
o D) Episodic hemolytic anemia, Y-linked in Caucasians
Correct Answer: A) Episodic hemolytic anemia, X-linked in
African American males
Rationale: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is an
X-linked recessive disorder causing episodic hemolysis triggered
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by infections, certain drugs, or foods. It is most prevalent in males
of African, Mediterranean, and Southeast Asian descent.
5. What are the symptoms of gastroenteritis?
o A) Watery diarrhea, N/V, pain and cramping, great appetite
o B) Diarrhea, N/V, pain and cramping, low fever, headache, and
dehydration
o C) Diarrhea only
o D) Dehydration only
Correct Answer: B) Diarrhea, N/V, pain and cramping, low
fever, headache, and dehydration
Rationale: Gastroenteritis typically presents with a combination
of gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
cramps) and systemic symptoms like low-grade fever and
headache, with dehydration being a key complication.
6. True or False: A stool culture should be done on anyone
who has severe diarrhea, fever ~101.3°F or >, bloody stools,
leukocytes, or lactoferrin.
o A) True
NR 511
NR 511
NR 511/ NR511 Final Exam | Differential Diagnosis and
Primary Care Practicum | Questions & Answers | Grade
A | Chamberlain College (Latest 2026/ 2027)
1. Which anemia causes macrocytic, normochromic red
blood cells that are large and irregular?
o A) Folic acid / Vitamin B12 deficiency
o B) Thalassemia
o C) All of the above
o D) Acute blood loss anemia
Correct Answer: A) Folic acid / Vitamin B12 deficiency
Rationale: Megaloblastic anemias caused by deficiencies in
vitamin B12 or folic acid produce large (macrocytic), normally
hemoglobin-filled (normochromic) red blood cells with abnormal
shapes (anisocytosis and poikilocytosis). Thalassemia is
microcytic.
NR 511
, 2
NR 511
2. What is included in the differential diagnosis for
gastroenteritis?
o A) IBD, IBS, ischemic bowel disease, obstruction, and brain
tumor
o B) Lung mass, IBD, IBS
o C) None of the above
o D) IBD, IBS, ischemic bowel disease, obstruction, and pelvic
abscess
Correct Answer: D) IBD, IBS, ischemic bowel disease,
obstruction, and pelvic abscess
Rationale: Gastroenteritis-like symptoms (abdominal pain,
diarrhea) can be mimicked by other intra-abdominal pathologies,
including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS), vascular issues (ischemic bowel), mechanical
problems (obstruction), and localized infections (pelvic abscess).
3. What are causes of gastroenteritis?
o A) Brain tumor
o B) Dietary factors, metabolic factors, DM, hyperthyroidism,
adrenal insufficiency
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NR 511
o C) Infectious agents, bacterial pathogens
o D) Both Blue and Yellow responses
Correct Answer: C) Infectious agents, bacterial pathogens
Rationale: By definition, gastroenteritis is inflammation of the
stomach and intestines most commonly caused by infectious
agents like viruses, bacteria, and parasites. While the conditions
in option B can cause similar symptoms, they are not causes of
infectious gastroenteritis itself.
4. What is G6PD deficiency?
o A) Episodic hemolytic anemia, X-linked in African American
males
o B) Episodic hemolytic anemia, Y-linked in African American
females
o C) Episodic hemolytic anemia, X-linked in Caucasians
o D) Episodic hemolytic anemia, Y-linked in Caucasians
Correct Answer: A) Episodic hemolytic anemia, X-linked in
African American males
Rationale: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is an
X-linked recessive disorder causing episodic hemolysis triggered
NR 511
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NR 511
by infections, certain drugs, or foods. It is most prevalent in males
of African, Mediterranean, and Southeast Asian descent.
5. What are the symptoms of gastroenteritis?
o A) Watery diarrhea, N/V, pain and cramping, great appetite
o B) Diarrhea, N/V, pain and cramping, low fever, headache, and
dehydration
o C) Diarrhea only
o D) Dehydration only
Correct Answer: B) Diarrhea, N/V, pain and cramping, low
fever, headache, and dehydration
Rationale: Gastroenteritis typically presents with a combination
of gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
cramps) and systemic symptoms like low-grade fever and
headache, with dehydration being a key complication.
6. True or False: A stool culture should be done on anyone
who has severe diarrhea, fever ~101.3°F or >, bloody stools,
leukocytes, or lactoferrin.
o A) True
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