Professional Nursing - Exam 1
Questions with Accurate Answers
1945-1960: The Rise of Hospitals correct answer The Hill Burton Act (1946)
provided funds to construct hospitals.
Rapid expansion of facilities resulted in an acute shortage of nurses leading to:
1. "Team nursing"
2. Creation of Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) programs
1983-2000: HIV/AIDS and
Life Support Technologies correct answer The early 1980s marked the
*recognition and spread of HIV*.
-Preventive measures included: Needle/intravenous use and disposal, routine
glove use, strict protocols for handling blood products.
-increase in the use of medical technologies and life support.
3 common themes of professionalism correct answer 1. Service to
others/Altruism
2. Specialized knowledge
3. Autonomy/ethics
3 ways to complete nurse education correct answer -4 year BSN: over 50% of
nurses
-2 year Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN): basic education, majority
-Diploma in nursing: 3 years of hospital education- only 3.11% of nurses since
2004
,4 Barriers to nursing's development as a profession correct answer 1. Varying
levels of education for entry into practice
-BSN, AND, and diploma in nursing.
2. Gender issues
3. external conflicts:
-Tension between medicine and nursing
-Lobby for protection of nursing practice
4. internal conflicts:
Fragmented power and influence in professional nursing; ex. tension amongst
nurses with different levels of education
4 Causes of reality shock correct answer 1. Absence of positive reinforcement
(such as one gets from clinical faculty) and lack of frequent communication
2. Lack of support, such as the availability of faculty that students have
3. The gap between the ideals taught in school and the actual work setting
4. The inability to provide nursing care effectively because of circumstances such
as a heavy case load or time constraints
4 Recommendations of the IOM correct answer 1. Nurses must practice to the
fullest extent of their education and training.
2. Nurses should attain higher education levels through a system of improved
education with seamless progression across degrees.
3. As health care in the United States is being transformed, nurses should be full
partners with other health care professionals in this effort.
4. Improved data collection and information infrastructure can result in more
effective workforce planning and policy development.
,5 civil war nursing leaders correct answer 1. Dorothea L. Dix
2. Sojourner Truth
3. Harriet Tubman
4. Mary Ann Bickerdyke
5. Clara Barton
5 Early Studies of the Quality of Nursing Education correct answer 1. American
Society of Superintendents of Training schools-Isabel Hampton Robb
-*Investigate ways to prepare nurses for leadership in schools of nursing*
-Leadership training at a Teachers College in NY (Mother House)
-8 month course in hospital economics
-*Mary Nutting- first nursing professor in history*
-The educational status of nursing investigation that focused on student's living
conditions, nursing education curricula, and teaching methods.
2. 1923: Study of Nursing and Nursing Education in the US (Goldmark Report)
-Study focused on the clinical learning experiences of students, hospital control of
the schools, desirability of establishing university schools of nursing, lack of funds
specifically for nursing education, and lack of prepared teachers.
3. 1924: Yale university opened the school of nursing
-*First nursing school to be established as a separate university* department with
an independent budget and its own dean, Annie Goodrich
-Rockefeller Foundation: donated $1million
, 4. 1934: Nursing Schools Today and Tomorrow
-study that reported the number of schools in existence, gave detailed
descriptions of schools, described their curricula, and made recommendations for
professional collegiate education.
5. 1937: A Curriculum Guide for Schools of Nursing
-outlined a 3-year curriculum and influenced the structure of diploma schools for
decades after its publication.
5 Recommendations for educational programs correct answer 1. Nursing
education programs should be established within the system of higher education.
2. Nurses should be highly educated.
3. Students should not be used to staff hospitals.
4. Standards should be established for nursing practice.
5. All students should meet certain minimum qualifications on graduation.
5 Strategies to reduce reality shock correct answer 1. Seek practical experiences
outside of school
2. Balance work with academic responsibilities
3. "Shadowing" programs
4. Take initiative to form group for mutual support
-Mentors and preceptors
5. Care for self
9 Evolving practice opportunities for nurses correct answer 1. Nurse entrepreneur
Questions with Accurate Answers
1945-1960: The Rise of Hospitals correct answer The Hill Burton Act (1946)
provided funds to construct hospitals.
Rapid expansion of facilities resulted in an acute shortage of nurses leading to:
1. "Team nursing"
2. Creation of Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) programs
1983-2000: HIV/AIDS and
Life Support Technologies correct answer The early 1980s marked the
*recognition and spread of HIV*.
-Preventive measures included: Needle/intravenous use and disposal, routine
glove use, strict protocols for handling blood products.
-increase in the use of medical technologies and life support.
3 common themes of professionalism correct answer 1. Service to
others/Altruism
2. Specialized knowledge
3. Autonomy/ethics
3 ways to complete nurse education correct answer -4 year BSN: over 50% of
nurses
-2 year Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN): basic education, majority
-Diploma in nursing: 3 years of hospital education- only 3.11% of nurses since
2004
,4 Barriers to nursing's development as a profession correct answer 1. Varying
levels of education for entry into practice
-BSN, AND, and diploma in nursing.
2. Gender issues
3. external conflicts:
-Tension between medicine and nursing
-Lobby for protection of nursing practice
4. internal conflicts:
Fragmented power and influence in professional nursing; ex. tension amongst
nurses with different levels of education
4 Causes of reality shock correct answer 1. Absence of positive reinforcement
(such as one gets from clinical faculty) and lack of frequent communication
2. Lack of support, such as the availability of faculty that students have
3. The gap between the ideals taught in school and the actual work setting
4. The inability to provide nursing care effectively because of circumstances such
as a heavy case load or time constraints
4 Recommendations of the IOM correct answer 1. Nurses must practice to the
fullest extent of their education and training.
2. Nurses should attain higher education levels through a system of improved
education with seamless progression across degrees.
3. As health care in the United States is being transformed, nurses should be full
partners with other health care professionals in this effort.
4. Improved data collection and information infrastructure can result in more
effective workforce planning and policy development.
,5 civil war nursing leaders correct answer 1. Dorothea L. Dix
2. Sojourner Truth
3. Harriet Tubman
4. Mary Ann Bickerdyke
5. Clara Barton
5 Early Studies of the Quality of Nursing Education correct answer 1. American
Society of Superintendents of Training schools-Isabel Hampton Robb
-*Investigate ways to prepare nurses for leadership in schools of nursing*
-Leadership training at a Teachers College in NY (Mother House)
-8 month course in hospital economics
-*Mary Nutting- first nursing professor in history*
-The educational status of nursing investigation that focused on student's living
conditions, nursing education curricula, and teaching methods.
2. 1923: Study of Nursing and Nursing Education in the US (Goldmark Report)
-Study focused on the clinical learning experiences of students, hospital control of
the schools, desirability of establishing university schools of nursing, lack of funds
specifically for nursing education, and lack of prepared teachers.
3. 1924: Yale university opened the school of nursing
-*First nursing school to be established as a separate university* department with
an independent budget and its own dean, Annie Goodrich
-Rockefeller Foundation: donated $1million
, 4. 1934: Nursing Schools Today and Tomorrow
-study that reported the number of schools in existence, gave detailed
descriptions of schools, described their curricula, and made recommendations for
professional collegiate education.
5. 1937: A Curriculum Guide for Schools of Nursing
-outlined a 3-year curriculum and influenced the structure of diploma schools for
decades after its publication.
5 Recommendations for educational programs correct answer 1. Nursing
education programs should be established within the system of higher education.
2. Nurses should be highly educated.
3. Students should not be used to staff hospitals.
4. Standards should be established for nursing practice.
5. All students should meet certain minimum qualifications on graduation.
5 Strategies to reduce reality shock correct answer 1. Seek practical experiences
outside of school
2. Balance work with academic responsibilities
3. "Shadowing" programs
4. Take initiative to form group for mutual support
-Mentors and preceptors
5. Care for self
9 Evolving practice opportunities for nurses correct answer 1. Nurse entrepreneur
