Voice Change: Active ↔ Passive
1. Rules: Active → Passive
A. Simple Present
Structure:
o Active: Subject + Verb(s/es) + Object
o Passive: Object + is/are + Past Participle + by + Subject
Example:
o Active: “She writes letters every day.”
o Passive: “Letters are written by her every day.”
Question: “He plays football.”
B. Present Continuous
Structure:
o Active: Subject + is/are + Verb+ing + Object
o Passive: Object + is/are + being + Past Participle + by + Subject
Example:
o Active: “They are building a new school.”
o Passive: “A new school is being built by them.”
Question: “They are painting the house.”
C. Present Perfect
Structure:
o Active: Subject + has/have + Past Participle + Object
o Passive: Object + has/have + been + Past Participle + by + Subject
, Example:
o Active: “He has completed the assignment.”
o Passive: “The assignment has been completed by him.”
Question: “He has solved the problem.”
D. Simple Past
Structure:
o Active: Subject + Verb (past) + Object
o Passive: Object + was/were + Past Participle + by + Subject
Example:
o Active: “They won the match.”
o Passive: “The match was won by them.”
Question: “They cleaned the room.”
E. Past Continuous
Structure:
o Active: Subject + was/were + Verb+ing + Object
o Passive: Object + was/were + being + Past Participle + by + Subject
Example:
o Active: “She was writing a report.”
o Passive: “A report was being written by her.”
Question: “He was fixing the car.”
F. Future Simple
Structure:
o Active: Subject + will + Verb (base form) + Object
o Passive: Object + will be + Past Participle + by + Subject
1. Rules: Active → Passive
A. Simple Present
Structure:
o Active: Subject + Verb(s/es) + Object
o Passive: Object + is/are + Past Participle + by + Subject
Example:
o Active: “She writes letters every day.”
o Passive: “Letters are written by her every day.”
Question: “He plays football.”
B. Present Continuous
Structure:
o Active: Subject + is/are + Verb+ing + Object
o Passive: Object + is/are + being + Past Participle + by + Subject
Example:
o Active: “They are building a new school.”
o Passive: “A new school is being built by them.”
Question: “They are painting the house.”
C. Present Perfect
Structure:
o Active: Subject + has/have + Past Participle + Object
o Passive: Object + has/have + been + Past Participle + by + Subject
, Example:
o Active: “He has completed the assignment.”
o Passive: “The assignment has been completed by him.”
Question: “He has solved the problem.”
D. Simple Past
Structure:
o Active: Subject + Verb (past) + Object
o Passive: Object + was/were + Past Participle + by + Subject
Example:
o Active: “They won the match.”
o Passive: “The match was won by them.”
Question: “They cleaned the room.”
E. Past Continuous
Structure:
o Active: Subject + was/were + Verb+ing + Object
o Passive: Object + was/were + being + Past Participle + by + Subject
Example:
o Active: “She was writing a report.”
o Passive: “A report was being written by her.”
Question: “He was fixing the car.”
F. Future Simple
Structure:
o Active: Subject + will + Verb (base form) + Object
o Passive: Object + will be + Past Participle + by + Subject
