NR 507
WEEK 2 EDAPT
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
, Page 1 of 1
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
Coronary Artery Disease 1 of 3
Introduction to Coronary Artery
Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by atherosclerosis and
affects the heart by obstructing the supply of oxygenated blood,
altering myocardial cell metabolism and nutrient uptake. The
progression of plaque build-up in the arteries causes resistance,
lessening the ability for oxygenated blood and nutrients to flow
through, and can lead to myocardial ischemia or infarction.
This learning module focuses on disease processes associated with
coronary artery disease and enables you to meet the following
course outcomes:
• CO 1: Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with
selected disease states across the lifespan.
• CO 2: Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and
compensatory physiological mechanisms can be supported
and/or altered through specific therapeutic interventions
across the lifespan.
• CO 3: Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease
states across the lifespan.
• CO 4: Integrate advanced pathophysiological concepts in the
diagnosis and treatment of health problems in selected
populations.
, Page 2 of 1
Review of the Circulatory System
Complete the following sentences by choosing from the list of
options.
The coronary (arteries\ veins) are blood vessels that provide the
major blood supply to the heart to pump through the circulatory
system. (Deoxygenated\Oxygenated) blood arrives to the right side
of the heart and travels to the pulmonary arteries to release (carbon
dioxide\ oxygen) and obtain (carbon dioxide\ oxygen).
Pathological Conditions and
Coronary Artery Disease
Which of the following pathophysiological condition(s) can lead to
coronary artery disease (CAD)? Select all that apply.
Diabetes mellitus
Heart failure
Atrial fibrillation
Pneumonia
Hypertension
Gastroenteritis
Cause of Coronary Artery Disease
Which of the following statements best describes the cause of
coronary artery disease (CAD)?
A clot in the coronary circulation blocks blood movement beyond a
specific point.
, Page 3 of 1
A heart arrhythmia or disturbance slows the pumping of the heart,
impairing coronary circulation and reducing oxygenated blood.
A buildup of plaque inside a coronary artery leads to reduced
circulation to the heart.
Higher than normal blood pressure injures the inside of the coronary
artery, causing leakage of blood into the heart muscle.
Overview of Coronary Arteries
Coronary arteries are blood vessels that supply the heart with blood
to pump through the circulatory system. Blood flows through the
coronary arteries, where deoxygenated blood arrives on the right
side of the heart and travels to the pulmonary arteries to release
carbon dioxide (CO2) and obtain oxygen.
Oxygenated blood is then carried from the lungs through the
pulmonary veins to the left side of the heart, flowing through the
aorta to the body’s organs.
Click below to explore the coronary arteries using 3D interactive
technology.
Pathophysiology of Coronary
Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex chain of events where
atherosclerotic changes (e.g., plaque accumulation) invade the
arteries and damage the endothelial (inner) layer. Under normal
functioning, the endothelium maintains a balance between
vasoconstriction and vasodilation, preventing platelets from
aggregating and controlling fibrin production.
When the endothelium layer becomes damaged, inflammatory
processes will occur. Macrophages attach, setting up phagocytosis;
plaque formation and vasoconstriction occur, marking the beginning
of atherosclerosis. As plaque accumulates, a thrombus, or clot, can
form, which disrupts normal blood flow. With disease progression,
myeloid cells can destabilize the plaque in the arterial wall and
cause its rupture, triggering a myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke.
Click below to explore the pathophysiology of CAD using 3D
interactive technology.
WEEK 2 EDAPT
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
, Page 1 of 1
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
Coronary Artery Disease 1 of 3
Introduction to Coronary Artery
Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by atherosclerosis and
affects the heart by obstructing the supply of oxygenated blood,
altering myocardial cell metabolism and nutrient uptake. The
progression of plaque build-up in the arteries causes resistance,
lessening the ability for oxygenated blood and nutrients to flow
through, and can lead to myocardial ischemia or infarction.
This learning module focuses on disease processes associated with
coronary artery disease and enables you to meet the following
course outcomes:
• CO 1: Analyze pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with
selected disease states across the lifespan.
• CO 2: Examine the way in which homeostatic, adaptive, and
compensatory physiological mechanisms can be supported
and/or altered through specific therapeutic interventions
across the lifespan.
• CO 3: Distinguish risk factors associated with selected disease
states across the lifespan.
• CO 4: Integrate advanced pathophysiological concepts in the
diagnosis and treatment of health problems in selected
populations.
, Page 2 of 1
Review of the Circulatory System
Complete the following sentences by choosing from the list of
options.
The coronary (arteries\ veins) are blood vessels that provide the
major blood supply to the heart to pump through the circulatory
system. (Deoxygenated\Oxygenated) blood arrives to the right side
of the heart and travels to the pulmonary arteries to release (carbon
dioxide\ oxygen) and obtain (carbon dioxide\ oxygen).
Pathological Conditions and
Coronary Artery Disease
Which of the following pathophysiological condition(s) can lead to
coronary artery disease (CAD)? Select all that apply.
Diabetes mellitus
Heart failure
Atrial fibrillation
Pneumonia
Hypertension
Gastroenteritis
Cause of Coronary Artery Disease
Which of the following statements best describes the cause of
coronary artery disease (CAD)?
A clot in the coronary circulation blocks blood movement beyond a
specific point.
, Page 3 of 1
A heart arrhythmia or disturbance slows the pumping of the heart,
impairing coronary circulation and reducing oxygenated blood.
A buildup of plaque inside a coronary artery leads to reduced
circulation to the heart.
Higher than normal blood pressure injures the inside of the coronary
artery, causing leakage of blood into the heart muscle.
Overview of Coronary Arteries
Coronary arteries are blood vessels that supply the heart with blood
to pump through the circulatory system. Blood flows through the
coronary arteries, where deoxygenated blood arrives on the right
side of the heart and travels to the pulmonary arteries to release
carbon dioxide (CO2) and obtain oxygen.
Oxygenated blood is then carried from the lungs through the
pulmonary veins to the left side of the heart, flowing through the
aorta to the body’s organs.
Click below to explore the coronary arteries using 3D interactive
technology.
Pathophysiology of Coronary
Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex chain of events where
atherosclerotic changes (e.g., plaque accumulation) invade the
arteries and damage the endothelial (inner) layer. Under normal
functioning, the endothelium maintains a balance between
vasoconstriction and vasodilation, preventing platelets from
aggregating and controlling fibrin production.
When the endothelium layer becomes damaged, inflammatory
processes will occur. Macrophages attach, setting up phagocytosis;
plaque formation and vasoconstriction occur, marking the beginning
of atherosclerosis. As plaque accumulates, a thrombus, or clot, can
form, which disrupts normal blood flow. With disease progression,
myeloid cells can destabilize the plaque in the arterial wall and
cause its rupture, triggering a myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke.
Click below to explore the pathophysiology of CAD using 3D
interactive technology.
