FNH 250 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Inorganic - ANS -not containing carbon or pertaining to living things
Ex: minerals, water
Organic - ANS -Contains carbon
Ex: vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
Energy Yielding nutrients - ANS -the nutrients that break down to yield energy the body can
use: carbohydrate, fat (lipids), and protein.
Macronutrients
Nutrient dense foods - ANS -High level of vitamins/minerals (micronutrients), few kcals
Ex: fruits, veggies, whole grains
Energy dense foods - ANS -Few micronutrients, lots of kcal
Ex: potato chips, pop
Carbohydrates: What is this nutrient - ANS -4 kcal/gram
Includes dietary fibres
Mostly plant foods, also animal milks (lactose)
Carbohydrates: why do we need this nutrient - ANS -Major source of energy
No essential carbohydrates but we need them to survive
,Simple sugars
Carbohydrates: where do we get this nutrient - ANS -Whole grains, veggies, fruit and beans
Carbohydrates: what happens if we get too little? - ANS -the level of sugar in your blood may
drop to below the normal range (70-99 mg/dL), causing hypoglycemia
Your body then starts to burn fat for energy, leading to ketosis
Carbohydrates: what happens if we get too much? - ANS -Any food can cause weight gain if you
eat too much. Whether your diet is high in fat or high in carbohydrates, if you frequently
consume more energy than your body uses, you're likely to gain weight
Gram for gram, carbohydrate contains fewer calories of fat
Carbohydrates: what are important interrealationships between nutrients? - ANS -
carbohydrates have other important functions: the brain needs carbohydrates, specifically
glucose, because neurons cannot burn fat
dietary fiber is made of polysaccharides that our bodies do not digest.
Lipids: what is this nutrient - ANS -9 kcal/gram
Degree of saturation, length
Essential FA and non essential FA
Lipids: why do we need this nutrient - ANS -Major source of energy
Lipids: where do we get this nutrient - ANS -Plant and animal foods
Butter, oil
Lipids: what happens if we get too little? - ANS -The human body can make most fats with the
exception of omega-3 and omega-6. If you don't get enough of these fats in your diet, the most
, likely symptoms are those of essential fatty acid deficiency including: Dry, scaly, flaky, dull, or
bumpy skin. Dry, brittle, or lackluster hairs
Lipids: what happens if we get too much? - ANS -An excess amount of blood lipids can cause fat
deposits in your artery walls, increasing your risk for heart disease.
Lipids: what are important interrelationships between nutrients? - ANS -building blocks of
cellular membranes
Other functions include energy storage, insulation, cellular communication and protection
Protein: what is this nutrient - ANS -4 kcal/gram
Structural working uses
Essential amino acids and non essential amino acids
Protein: why do we need this nutrient - ANS -Minor source of energy
Structural, working uses
Protein: where do we get this nutrient - ANS -Plant and animal foods
Tofu, beans, lentils, beef, pork etc
Protein: what happens if we get too little? - ANS -Insufficient protein in your diet reduces lean
body mass, muscle strength, and function
Not consuming enough protein can also cause muscle cramping, weakness, and soreness
Your body will take protein from muscle tissue and use it as energy to support other vital body
functions when protein is low.
Protein: what happens if we get too much? - ANS -Excess protein consumed is usually stored as
fat, while the surplus of amino acids is excreted
AND ANSWERS
Inorganic - ANS -not containing carbon or pertaining to living things
Ex: minerals, water
Organic - ANS -Contains carbon
Ex: vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
Energy Yielding nutrients - ANS -the nutrients that break down to yield energy the body can
use: carbohydrate, fat (lipids), and protein.
Macronutrients
Nutrient dense foods - ANS -High level of vitamins/minerals (micronutrients), few kcals
Ex: fruits, veggies, whole grains
Energy dense foods - ANS -Few micronutrients, lots of kcal
Ex: potato chips, pop
Carbohydrates: What is this nutrient - ANS -4 kcal/gram
Includes dietary fibres
Mostly plant foods, also animal milks (lactose)
Carbohydrates: why do we need this nutrient - ANS -Major source of energy
No essential carbohydrates but we need them to survive
,Simple sugars
Carbohydrates: where do we get this nutrient - ANS -Whole grains, veggies, fruit and beans
Carbohydrates: what happens if we get too little? - ANS -the level of sugar in your blood may
drop to below the normal range (70-99 mg/dL), causing hypoglycemia
Your body then starts to burn fat for energy, leading to ketosis
Carbohydrates: what happens if we get too much? - ANS -Any food can cause weight gain if you
eat too much. Whether your diet is high in fat or high in carbohydrates, if you frequently
consume more energy than your body uses, you're likely to gain weight
Gram for gram, carbohydrate contains fewer calories of fat
Carbohydrates: what are important interrealationships between nutrients? - ANS -
carbohydrates have other important functions: the brain needs carbohydrates, specifically
glucose, because neurons cannot burn fat
dietary fiber is made of polysaccharides that our bodies do not digest.
Lipids: what is this nutrient - ANS -9 kcal/gram
Degree of saturation, length
Essential FA and non essential FA
Lipids: why do we need this nutrient - ANS -Major source of energy
Lipids: where do we get this nutrient - ANS -Plant and animal foods
Butter, oil
Lipids: what happens if we get too little? - ANS -The human body can make most fats with the
exception of omega-3 and omega-6. If you don't get enough of these fats in your diet, the most
, likely symptoms are those of essential fatty acid deficiency including: Dry, scaly, flaky, dull, or
bumpy skin. Dry, brittle, or lackluster hairs
Lipids: what happens if we get too much? - ANS -An excess amount of blood lipids can cause fat
deposits in your artery walls, increasing your risk for heart disease.
Lipids: what are important interrelationships between nutrients? - ANS -building blocks of
cellular membranes
Other functions include energy storage, insulation, cellular communication and protection
Protein: what is this nutrient - ANS -4 kcal/gram
Structural working uses
Essential amino acids and non essential amino acids
Protein: why do we need this nutrient - ANS -Minor source of energy
Structural, working uses
Protein: where do we get this nutrient - ANS -Plant and animal foods
Tofu, beans, lentils, beef, pork etc
Protein: what happens if we get too little? - ANS -Insufficient protein in your diet reduces lean
body mass, muscle strength, and function
Not consuming enough protein can also cause muscle cramping, weakness, and soreness
Your body will take protein from muscle tissue and use it as energy to support other vital body
functions when protein is low.
Protein: what happens if we get too much? - ANS -Excess protein consumed is usually stored as
fat, while the surplus of amino acids is excreted
