NUR 304 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<RECENT VERSION>
1. Pain - ANSWER ✔ An unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated
with actual or potential tissue damage
2. Peripheral receptors
Spinal cord (ascending)
Cerebral cortex
Spinal cord (descending) - ANSWER ✔ The pain process:
1. -Amount of attention given to pain
-Pervious experiences with pain
-Person's belief of ability to control pain
-Cognitive patterns to explain pain - ANSWER ✔ Cognitive influences on
pain perception:
2. -How to manage pain
-How people express pain
-How people describe pain - ANSWER ✔ Cultural influences on pain
perception:
,3. Acute pain - ANSWER ✔ Recent onset of pain (last 6 months), resulting in
tissue damage, self-limiting and ends when tissue heals
4. Chronic pain - ANSWER ✔ May be intermittent or continuous, lasting more
than 6 months
5. Nociceptive pain - ANSWER ✔ Arises from stimulation of somatic
structures (bone, muscle, joints, skin, CT)
6. Neuropathic pain - ANSWER ✔ Occurs from an abnormal processing of
sensory info by CNS or PNS
7. Referred pain - ANSWER ✔ Pain felt in an area away from the area of
tissue damage or disease
8. Phantom pain - ANSWER ✔ Pain felt in an amputated extremity after the
residual limb has healed
9. Pain threshold - ANSWER ✔ A point at which a stimulus is perceived as
pain
10.A nurse reviews the urinalysis of a client and notes the presence of glucose.
What action
would the nurse take?
a. Document findings and continue to monitor the client.
, b. Contact the primary health care provider and recommend a 24-hour
urine test.
c. Review the client's recent dietary selections over 3 days.
d. Perform a finger stick blood glucose assessment - ANSWER ✔ ANS:
D
Glucose normally is not found in the urine. The normal renal threshold for
glucose is about 220 mg/dL (12.2 mmol/L), which means that a person
whose blood glucose is less than 220 mg/dL (12.2 mmol/L) will not have
glucose in the urine. A positive finding for glucose on urinalysis indicates
high blood sugar. The most appropriate action would be to perform a blood
glucose assessment. The client needs further evaluation for this abnormal
result; therefore, documenting and continuing to monitor are not appropriate.
Requesting a 24-hour urine test or reviewing the client's dietary selections
will not assist the nurse to make a
clinical decision related to this abnormality.
11.A nurse reviews the health history of a client with an over-secretion of renin.
Which disorder
would the nurse correlate with this assessment finding?
a. Alzheimer disease
b. Hypertension
c. Diabetes mellitus
d. Viral hepatitis - ANSWER ✔ ANS: B
Renin is secreted when special cells in the distal convoluted tubule, called
the macula densa, sense changes in blood volume and pressure. When the
macula densa cells sense that blood
, volume, blood pressure, or blood sodium levels are low, renin is secreted.
Renin then converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I. This leads to a
series of reactions that cause secretion of
the hormone aldosterone. This hormone increases kidney reabsorption of
sodium and water, increasing blood pressure, blood volume, and blood
sodium levels. Inappropriate or excessive renin secretion is a major cause of
persistent hypertension. Renin has no impact on Alzheimer disease, diabetes
mellitus, or viral hepatitis.
12.A nurse reviews the urinalysis results of a client and notes a urine osmolality
of 1200
mOsm/kg (1200 mmol/kg). Which action would the nurse take?
a. Contact the primary health care provider to recommend a low-sodium
diet.
b. Prepare to administer an intravenous diuretic.
c. Encourage the client to drink more fluids.
d. Obtain a suction device and implement seizure precautions. -
ANSWER ✔ ANS: C
Normal urine osmolality ranges from 300 to 900 mOsm/kg (300 to 900
mmol/kg). This client's urine is more concentrated, indicating dehydration.
The nurse would encourage the
client to drink more water. Dehydration can be associated with elevated
serum sodium levels. Although a low-sodium diet may be appropriate for
this client, this diet change will not have a
significant impact on urine osmolality. A diuretic would increase urine
output and decrease urine osmolality further. Low serum sodium levels, not
elevated serum levels, place the client
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<RECENT VERSION>
1. Pain - ANSWER ✔ An unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated
with actual or potential tissue damage
2. Peripheral receptors
Spinal cord (ascending)
Cerebral cortex
Spinal cord (descending) - ANSWER ✔ The pain process:
1. -Amount of attention given to pain
-Pervious experiences with pain
-Person's belief of ability to control pain
-Cognitive patterns to explain pain - ANSWER ✔ Cognitive influences on
pain perception:
2. -How to manage pain
-How people express pain
-How people describe pain - ANSWER ✔ Cultural influences on pain
perception:
,3. Acute pain - ANSWER ✔ Recent onset of pain (last 6 months), resulting in
tissue damage, self-limiting and ends when tissue heals
4. Chronic pain - ANSWER ✔ May be intermittent or continuous, lasting more
than 6 months
5. Nociceptive pain - ANSWER ✔ Arises from stimulation of somatic
structures (bone, muscle, joints, skin, CT)
6. Neuropathic pain - ANSWER ✔ Occurs from an abnormal processing of
sensory info by CNS or PNS
7. Referred pain - ANSWER ✔ Pain felt in an area away from the area of
tissue damage or disease
8. Phantom pain - ANSWER ✔ Pain felt in an amputated extremity after the
residual limb has healed
9. Pain threshold - ANSWER ✔ A point at which a stimulus is perceived as
pain
10.A nurse reviews the urinalysis of a client and notes the presence of glucose.
What action
would the nurse take?
a. Document findings and continue to monitor the client.
, b. Contact the primary health care provider and recommend a 24-hour
urine test.
c. Review the client's recent dietary selections over 3 days.
d. Perform a finger stick blood glucose assessment - ANSWER ✔ ANS:
D
Glucose normally is not found in the urine. The normal renal threshold for
glucose is about 220 mg/dL (12.2 mmol/L), which means that a person
whose blood glucose is less than 220 mg/dL (12.2 mmol/L) will not have
glucose in the urine. A positive finding for glucose on urinalysis indicates
high blood sugar. The most appropriate action would be to perform a blood
glucose assessment. The client needs further evaluation for this abnormal
result; therefore, documenting and continuing to monitor are not appropriate.
Requesting a 24-hour urine test or reviewing the client's dietary selections
will not assist the nurse to make a
clinical decision related to this abnormality.
11.A nurse reviews the health history of a client with an over-secretion of renin.
Which disorder
would the nurse correlate with this assessment finding?
a. Alzheimer disease
b. Hypertension
c. Diabetes mellitus
d. Viral hepatitis - ANSWER ✔ ANS: B
Renin is secreted when special cells in the distal convoluted tubule, called
the macula densa, sense changes in blood volume and pressure. When the
macula densa cells sense that blood
, volume, blood pressure, or blood sodium levels are low, renin is secreted.
Renin then converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I. This leads to a
series of reactions that cause secretion of
the hormone aldosterone. This hormone increases kidney reabsorption of
sodium and water, increasing blood pressure, blood volume, and blood
sodium levels. Inappropriate or excessive renin secretion is a major cause of
persistent hypertension. Renin has no impact on Alzheimer disease, diabetes
mellitus, or viral hepatitis.
12.A nurse reviews the urinalysis results of a client and notes a urine osmolality
of 1200
mOsm/kg (1200 mmol/kg). Which action would the nurse take?
a. Contact the primary health care provider to recommend a low-sodium
diet.
b. Prepare to administer an intravenous diuretic.
c. Encourage the client to drink more fluids.
d. Obtain a suction device and implement seizure precautions. -
ANSWER ✔ ANS: C
Normal urine osmolality ranges from 300 to 900 mOsm/kg (300 to 900
mmol/kg). This client's urine is more concentrated, indicating dehydration.
The nurse would encourage the
client to drink more water. Dehydration can be associated with elevated
serum sodium levels. Although a low-sodium diet may be appropriate for
this client, this diet change will not have a
significant impact on urine osmolality. A diuretic would increase urine
output and decrease urine osmolality further. Low serum sodium levels, not
elevated serum levels, place the client
