NSG 100 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Functions of the Skin - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. protects underlying tissues from invasion by
microorganisms and from trauma
2. nerves in skin enable the perception of touch, pain, pressure, heat and cold
3. assists in regulating temperature
4. supplements the body's intake of vitamin D by synthesizing this vitamin from UV light
epidermis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅outermost layer of skin
-consists of epithelial cells and melanocytes
dermis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅middle layer of skin
- thick layer composed mainly of connective tissue rich in collage and elastin
-stores water, regulates body temperature and production of vitamin D, cushions the body, and supplies
blood to epidermis
-this layer is richly supplied with blood cells, nerve fibers, and lymphatic vessels
-most hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands
subcutaneous layer - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅"hypodermis"
3rd layer of skin
composed of mainly adipose (fatty) tissues and collage-rich connective tissues
-separates muscle from skin, stores fat, and conserves body heat
infectious skin disorders - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caused by bacterial, fungal, viral, or parasitic agents.
Examples include impetigo (bacterial), athlete's foot (fungal), chickenpox (viral), and lice (parasitic).
inflammatory skin disorders - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caused by pathologies such as acne, burns,
eczema, dermatitis, and psoriasis. Examples include atopic, seborrheic, and stasis dermatitis.
, neoplastic skin disorder - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caused by skin cancers. Examples include squamous
cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. Melanoma is the most serious type of
neoplasm
macules - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅freckles and flat moles, less than 1 cm wide
papule - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅palpable, circumscribed solid elevation of skin
nodule - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅palpable, circumscribed deep, firm
ex: wart
tumor - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅solid mass
vesicle - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅serous fluid filled
ex: blister, herpes simplex
pustule - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pus filled, varies in size
ex: acne
wheal - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅palpable, irregular borders
risk factors for impaired skin integrity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Any patient who is experiencing
decreased mobility, decreased sensory perception, fecal or urinary incontinence, and/or poor nutrition
is at risk for pressure ulcer development
2. Patients with altered sensory perception for pain and pressure are at risk because they cannot feel
their body sensations.
3. Patients who are confused or disoriented or who have alterations in level of consciousness are unable
to protect themselves.
4. Shear is the force exerted parallel to skin, resulting from both gravity pushing down on the body and
resistance (friction) between the patient and a surface.
Functions of the Skin - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. protects underlying tissues from invasion by
microorganisms and from trauma
2. nerves in skin enable the perception of touch, pain, pressure, heat and cold
3. assists in regulating temperature
4. supplements the body's intake of vitamin D by synthesizing this vitamin from UV light
epidermis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅outermost layer of skin
-consists of epithelial cells and melanocytes
dermis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅middle layer of skin
- thick layer composed mainly of connective tissue rich in collage and elastin
-stores water, regulates body temperature and production of vitamin D, cushions the body, and supplies
blood to epidermis
-this layer is richly supplied with blood cells, nerve fibers, and lymphatic vessels
-most hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands
subcutaneous layer - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅"hypodermis"
3rd layer of skin
composed of mainly adipose (fatty) tissues and collage-rich connective tissues
-separates muscle from skin, stores fat, and conserves body heat
infectious skin disorders - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caused by bacterial, fungal, viral, or parasitic agents.
Examples include impetigo (bacterial), athlete's foot (fungal), chickenpox (viral), and lice (parasitic).
inflammatory skin disorders - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caused by pathologies such as acne, burns,
eczema, dermatitis, and psoriasis. Examples include atopic, seborrheic, and stasis dermatitis.
, neoplastic skin disorder - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Caused by skin cancers. Examples include squamous
cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. Melanoma is the most serious type of
neoplasm
macules - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅freckles and flat moles, less than 1 cm wide
papule - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅palpable, circumscribed solid elevation of skin
nodule - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅palpable, circumscribed deep, firm
ex: wart
tumor - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅solid mass
vesicle - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅serous fluid filled
ex: blister, herpes simplex
pustule - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pus filled, varies in size
ex: acne
wheal - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅palpable, irregular borders
risk factors for impaired skin integrity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Any patient who is experiencing
decreased mobility, decreased sensory perception, fecal or urinary incontinence, and/or poor nutrition
is at risk for pressure ulcer development
2. Patients with altered sensory perception for pain and pressure are at risk because they cannot feel
their body sensations.
3. Patients who are confused or disoriented or who have alterations in level of consciousness are unable
to protect themselves.
4. Shear is the force exerted parallel to skin, resulting from both gravity pushing down on the body and
resistance (friction) between the patient and a surface.
