NURS-4331-600-NURS CHILDREN &
ADOLESCENTS
A new mother is concerned about the risk of her 6-month-old aspirating and choking.
Which of the following should the nurse recommend to her? Select all that apply.
1. Don't prop up the baby's bottle when feeding him
2. Offer only unbuttered popcorn
3. Use only pacifiers that have a two-piece construction and small flange
4, Allow only toys that fit inside a toilet paper roll
5. Use only clothing without decorative buttons - answer- Don't prop up the baby's bottle
when feeding him
- Use only clothing without decorative buttons
Aspiration is a potential threat to infants throughout the first year. Educate parents who
feed their infant formula not to prop bottles. By doing this, they are overestimating their
infant's ability to push the bottle away, sit up, turn the head to the side, cough, and clear
the airway if milk should flow too rapidly into the mouth and an infant begins to aspirate.
Using clothing without decorative buttons, and checking toys and rattles to ensure they
have no small parts that could snap off or fall out are good steps for parents to follow. A
test of whether a toy could be dangerous if an infant puts it inside the mouth is whether
it fits inside a toilet paper roll. If it does, it is small enough to be aspirated. Children
under about 5 years should not be offered popcorn or peanuts because of this danger of
aspiration. If parents are going to offer an infant a pacifier, they should use one that has
a one-piece construction with a flange large enough to keep it from completely entering
the child's mouth.
A nurse is administering a liquid oral medication to a 5-month-old. Which nursing action
provides the correct dosage? Select all that apply.
1. Placing the end of the dropper or syringe at the back of the infant's mouth
2. Administering the medicine such that it flows slowly into the child's mouth
3. Viewing the medication in the medication cup at eye level
4. Gently restraining the child's arms and head
5. Placing the child supine on the examination table before giving the dose
6. Using a medicine dropper - answer- Administering the medicine such that it flows
slowly into the child's mouth
- Using a medicine dropper
- Gently restraining the child's arms and head
In infants, oral medication can be given with a medicine dropper or a unit dose syringe
(without a needle). The nurse would not choose a medicine cup for administration.
Never give medicine with the child lying completely flat; otherwise, a child could choke
and aspirate. Instead, gently restrain the child's arms and head by holding the child
against your body with the head raised. A crying child is already opening the mouth for
you; otherwise, gently open the mouth by pressing on the child's chin. Press the bulb of
, the medicine dropper or use the plunger of the syringe so that the fluid flows slowly into
the side of the child's mouth. Be certain the end of the syringe or dropper rests at the
side of the infant's mouth to help prevent aspiration.
The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic
differences place the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? Select all that apply.
1. The nasal passages are narrower.
2. The larynx is more funnel shaped.
3.The tongue is smaller.
4. The bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and wider.
5. The trachea and chest wall are less compliant. - answer1. The nasal passages are
narrower.
2. The larynx is more funnel shaped.
In comparison with the adult, in the infant, the nasal passages are narrower, the trachea
and chest wall are more compliant, the bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and
narrower, the larynx is more funnel shaped, and the tongue is larger in comparison.
These anatomic differences place the infant at higher risk for respiratory compromise.
The respiratory system does not reach adult levels of maturity until about 7 years of
age.
The nurse observes an infant interacting with his parents. What are normal social
behavioral developments for this age group? Select all that apply.
Answer,
1. Around 3 to 6 months of age the infant may enjoy socially interactive games such as
patty-cake and peek-a-boo.
2.Around 2 months the infant exhibits a first real smile.
3.Around 3 months the infant smiles widely and gurgles when interacting with the
caregiver.
4.Around 5 months the infant may develop "stranger anxiety."
5.Around 3 months the infant will mimic the parent's facial movements, such as sticking
out the tongue.
6.Separation anxiety may also start in the last few months of infancy. - answer- Around
2 months the infant exhibits a first real smile.
- Around 3 months the infant smiles widely and gurgles when interacting with the
caregiver.
- Around 3 months the infant will mimic the parent's facial movements, such as sticking
out the tongue.
- Separation anxiety may also start in the last few months of infancy.
The infant exhibits a first real smile at age 2 months. By about 3 months of age the
infant will start an interaction with a caregiver by smiling widely and possibly gurgling.
The 3- to 4-month-old will also mimic the parent's facial movements, such as widening
the eyes and sticking out the tongue. Separation anxiety may also start in the last few
months of infancy. Around the age of 8 months the infant may develop stranger anxiety.
At 6 to 8 months of age the infant may enjoy socially interactive games such as patty-
cake and peek-a-boo.
ADOLESCENTS
A new mother is concerned about the risk of her 6-month-old aspirating and choking.
Which of the following should the nurse recommend to her? Select all that apply.
1. Don't prop up the baby's bottle when feeding him
2. Offer only unbuttered popcorn
3. Use only pacifiers that have a two-piece construction and small flange
4, Allow only toys that fit inside a toilet paper roll
5. Use only clothing without decorative buttons - answer- Don't prop up the baby's bottle
when feeding him
- Use only clothing without decorative buttons
Aspiration is a potential threat to infants throughout the first year. Educate parents who
feed their infant formula not to prop bottles. By doing this, they are overestimating their
infant's ability to push the bottle away, sit up, turn the head to the side, cough, and clear
the airway if milk should flow too rapidly into the mouth and an infant begins to aspirate.
Using clothing without decorative buttons, and checking toys and rattles to ensure they
have no small parts that could snap off or fall out are good steps for parents to follow. A
test of whether a toy could be dangerous if an infant puts it inside the mouth is whether
it fits inside a toilet paper roll. If it does, it is small enough to be aspirated. Children
under about 5 years should not be offered popcorn or peanuts because of this danger of
aspiration. If parents are going to offer an infant a pacifier, they should use one that has
a one-piece construction with a flange large enough to keep it from completely entering
the child's mouth.
A nurse is administering a liquid oral medication to a 5-month-old. Which nursing action
provides the correct dosage? Select all that apply.
1. Placing the end of the dropper or syringe at the back of the infant's mouth
2. Administering the medicine such that it flows slowly into the child's mouth
3. Viewing the medication in the medication cup at eye level
4. Gently restraining the child's arms and head
5. Placing the child supine on the examination table before giving the dose
6. Using a medicine dropper - answer- Administering the medicine such that it flows
slowly into the child's mouth
- Using a medicine dropper
- Gently restraining the child's arms and head
In infants, oral medication can be given with a medicine dropper or a unit dose syringe
(without a needle). The nurse would not choose a medicine cup for administration.
Never give medicine with the child lying completely flat; otherwise, a child could choke
and aspirate. Instead, gently restrain the child's arms and head by holding the child
against your body with the head raised. A crying child is already opening the mouth for
you; otherwise, gently open the mouth by pressing on the child's chin. Press the bulb of
, the medicine dropper or use the plunger of the syringe so that the fluid flows slowly into
the side of the child's mouth. Be certain the end of the syringe or dropper rests at the
side of the infant's mouth to help prevent aspiration.
The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic
differences place the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? Select all that apply.
1. The nasal passages are narrower.
2. The larynx is more funnel shaped.
3.The tongue is smaller.
4. The bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and wider.
5. The trachea and chest wall are less compliant. - answer1. The nasal passages are
narrower.
2. The larynx is more funnel shaped.
In comparison with the adult, in the infant, the nasal passages are narrower, the trachea
and chest wall are more compliant, the bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and
narrower, the larynx is more funnel shaped, and the tongue is larger in comparison.
These anatomic differences place the infant at higher risk for respiratory compromise.
The respiratory system does not reach adult levels of maturity until about 7 years of
age.
The nurse observes an infant interacting with his parents. What are normal social
behavioral developments for this age group? Select all that apply.
Answer,
1. Around 3 to 6 months of age the infant may enjoy socially interactive games such as
patty-cake and peek-a-boo.
2.Around 2 months the infant exhibits a first real smile.
3.Around 3 months the infant smiles widely and gurgles when interacting with the
caregiver.
4.Around 5 months the infant may develop "stranger anxiety."
5.Around 3 months the infant will mimic the parent's facial movements, such as sticking
out the tongue.
6.Separation anxiety may also start in the last few months of infancy. - answer- Around
2 months the infant exhibits a first real smile.
- Around 3 months the infant smiles widely and gurgles when interacting with the
caregiver.
- Around 3 months the infant will mimic the parent's facial movements, such as sticking
out the tongue.
- Separation anxiety may also start in the last few months of infancy.
The infant exhibits a first real smile at age 2 months. By about 3 months of age the
infant will start an interaction with a caregiver by smiling widely and possibly gurgling.
The 3- to 4-month-old will also mimic the parent's facial movements, such as widening
the eyes and sticking out the tongue. Separation anxiety may also start in the last few
months of infancy. Around the age of 8 months the infant may develop stranger anxiety.
At 6 to 8 months of age the infant may enjoy socially interactive games such as patty-
cake and peek-a-boo.
