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four defects in tetralogy of Fallot. Ans✓✓✓Pulmonary artery stenosis;
hypertrophy of the right ventricle;
overriding aorta;
and ventricular septal defect.
Cyanotic Tet Spell Ans✓✓✓sudden change - deep blue skin with
possible deep, rapid, shallow breathing
Treatment at home for Tet spell Ans✓✓✓place child in knee-chest
position, squatting, or on shoulder with knees bent
Only treatment to fix TOF Ans✓✓✓surgery
Hospital treatment of Tet spell Ans✓✓✓supplemental oxygen, fluids,
MS/Propanalol
Tricuspid Atresia Ans✓✓✓tricuspid valve fails to develop -> no
opening -> no blood flow to lungs for R side -> blood flows back to R
side of heart and mixes at foramen ovale, any blood to lungs enters
ductus arteriosus to go to lungs. Lower oxygen saturation
,S/S of tricuspid atresia Ans✓✓✓cyanosis at birth when DA closes,
tachypnea, feeding difficulty, cyanosis, poor or weak sucking, ^ WOB,
heart murmur, crackles or wheezes if HF, cool/clammy skin, clubbing
Only treatment of tricuspid atresia Ans✓✓✓surgery
acute rheumatic fever Ans✓✓✓occurs 2-4 weeks after strep infection,
lasts 6-12 weeks, may recur with subsequent strep infections
S/S of ARF Ans✓✓✓joints inflamed, sydenham chorea (jerky
movements of face/extremeties), rash, murmur, nodules of
wrists/elbows/knees, chronic progressive damage to heart and valves
Diagnosis of ARF Ans✓✓✓Jones criteria: elevated CRP/ESR, positive
streptococcal titer
management of ARF Ans✓✓✓manage inflammation/fever, eradicate
bacteria, prevent further heart damage, monthly injection of penicillin G
or daily oral penicillin, or erythromycin prophylaxis until adulthood
Kawasaki disease Ans✓✓✓autoimmune systemic vasculitis, 6mo-
5years. self-limiting syndrome with possible serious CV complications:
coronary artery aneurism/cardiomyopathy
, S/S of kawasaki disease Ans✓✓✓fever, chills, HA, malaise, extreme
irritability, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, joint pain, conjuctival
hyperemia, rash, hand/feet edema, erythema/painful induration on
palms, PEELING FINGERS/TOES, lymphadenopathy, possible
jaundice
acute phase of kawasaki disease Ans✓✓✓high fever, red tongue, red
conjuctiva/eyes, red swollen hands/feet
subacute phase of kawasaki disease Ans✓✓✓cracked lips, peeling
fingers/toes, joint pain, worried about coronary artery aneurism
convalescent phase of kawasaki disease Ans✓✓✓look terrible and we
are concerned about heart. May have diarrhea because GI is not
perfusing as it should
Treatment of kawasaki disease Ans✓✓✓Acetaminophen only! avoid
NSAIDs. monitor I/O, cardiac status, decrease stimulation, hydrate,
monitor temp
hypospadias Ans✓✓✓urethral opening on ventral side (underside) of
penis
epispadias Ans✓✓✓urethral opening on dorsal side (top) of penis