PSY 318 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
According to the Stanovich chapter on testimonials and vividness effects, under what
circumstances are case studies potentially useful to scientific inquiry? - Answer -In
suggesting problems/ Treatments/ topics of scientific investigations
According to Stanovich, what did a magazine do that profoundly influenced public
opinion about the Viet Nam war? (Ted Koppel and Nightline did something similar
during the current Iraq war.) - Answer -The magazine published pictures of all the
soldiers that were killed (that week)
According to the Lawson (2.2) chapter on eyewitness testimony of children, are
children's reports most accurate to open-ended questions, specific questions, or forced-
choice questions? - Answer -open-ended questions
From Lawson, what does scientific evidence show regarding the pros/cons of using
anatomically correct dolls to elicit child testimony? - Answer -Only cons, sometimes
lead to false reports and do not promote accurate responding.
- false reporting may occur b/c of suggestion that sexualized behaviors are permissible
From Ruscio's chapter on biased perceptions and the media paradox, what did the
study of intro psychology students demonstrate to have the strongest influence on their
stated interest in taking particular upper level psychology courses? - Answer -students
hearing opinions from students in a face-to-face context had the most influence ,
learned from statistical summaries
According to the Stanovich chapter on testimonials and vividness effects, under what
circumstances are case studies NOT useful to scientific inquiry? - Answer -as scientific
evidence for claims (such as testimonies)
Problems w/ testimonials - Answer -1. Lack of comparative information
2. Placebo effects
Placebo effect: Paul (1966) - Anxiety TX - Answer -- public speaking anxiety
- desensitization therapy
- wait list control
- placebo control
Southworth & Kirsch (1988): Agoraphobia Tx - Answer -- Agoraphobia: fear of fear,
leave home
- exposure therapy : talk walk out of house
- High vs. low expectancy
Langer & Crum (2007): Exercise & Weight Loss - Answer -- Boston hotel workers
- measured for weight
According to the Stanovich chapter on testimonials and vividness effects, under what
circumstances are case studies potentially useful to scientific inquiry? - Answer -In
suggesting problems/ Treatments/ topics of scientific investigations
According to Stanovich, what did a magazine do that profoundly influenced public
opinion about the Viet Nam war? (Ted Koppel and Nightline did something similar
during the current Iraq war.) - Answer -The magazine published pictures of all the
soldiers that were killed (that week)
According to the Lawson (2.2) chapter on eyewitness testimony of children, are
children's reports most accurate to open-ended questions, specific questions, or forced-
choice questions? - Answer -open-ended questions
From Lawson, what does scientific evidence show regarding the pros/cons of using
anatomically correct dolls to elicit child testimony? - Answer -Only cons, sometimes
lead to false reports and do not promote accurate responding.
- false reporting may occur b/c of suggestion that sexualized behaviors are permissible
From Ruscio's chapter on biased perceptions and the media paradox, what did the
study of intro psychology students demonstrate to have the strongest influence on their
stated interest in taking particular upper level psychology courses? - Answer -students
hearing opinions from students in a face-to-face context had the most influence ,
learned from statistical summaries
According to the Stanovich chapter on testimonials and vividness effects, under what
circumstances are case studies NOT useful to scientific inquiry? - Answer -as scientific
evidence for claims (such as testimonies)
Problems w/ testimonials - Answer -1. Lack of comparative information
2. Placebo effects
Placebo effect: Paul (1966) - Anxiety TX - Answer -- public speaking anxiety
- desensitization therapy
- wait list control
- placebo control
Southworth & Kirsch (1988): Agoraphobia Tx - Answer -- Agoraphobia: fear of fear,
leave home
- exposure therapy : talk walk out of house
- High vs. low expectancy
Langer & Crum (2007): Exercise & Weight Loss - Answer -- Boston hotel workers
- measured for weight
