Anatomy and Physiology chapter 2 Questions
and Answers
What elements are found in all living things? - ✅✅Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus,
and sulfur.
Acid - ✅✅- A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a water solution
Base - ✅✅- A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H-) In a water solution
Organic compound - ✅✅Contains carbon - hydrogen covalent bonds; includes carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids (DNA)
Carbohydrates - ✅✅- serves as a source of energy in cell respiration
- contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
- saccharide "sugar"
Monosaccharides - ✅✅- carbohydrate molecules that is a Single sugar compound
- Simplest sugars
- glucose, fructose, and galactose
Disaccharides - ✅✅- made up of 2 (double) hexose sugars. - Sucrose, lactose, and maltose are
digested to
monosaccharides linked by a covalent bond and used for Cell respiration and energy production
Polysaccharides - ✅✅- A carbohydrate molecules that consist of many monosaccharides bonded
together; includes glycogen, starch and cellulose.
, Ex. Potatoes, bread, cakes
Starch - ✅✅- A polysaccharide produced by plants; digested to glucose, a source of energy for cellular
respiration
3 lipids - ✅✅1. True fats
2. Phospholipids
3. Steroids (cholesterol)
Saturated fat - - ✅✅A true fact that often is solid at room temperature and of animal origin; it's fatty
acids contain the maximum number of hydrogen.
Unsaturated fat - ✅✅- A true fat that is often liquid at room temperature and is of plant origin; it's
fatty acids contain less than the maximum number of hydrogens
Proteins - ✅✅- Amino acids are the subunits of proteins; 20 amino acids make up human proteins.
- peptide bonds join two amino acids together
- Polypeptide is short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
amino acids - ✅✅- an organic compound that contains an amino, or amine, group (NH2) and a
carboxyl group (COOH).
- are the subunit molecules of which human proteins are made
- In excess of the need for protein synthesis are converted to simple carbohydrates or too fat, for energy
production
peptide bond - ✅✅covalent bond formed between amino acids
Polypeptide - ✅✅long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds that makes proteins
and Answers
What elements are found in all living things? - ✅✅Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus,
and sulfur.
Acid - ✅✅- A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a water solution
Base - ✅✅- A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H-) In a water solution
Organic compound - ✅✅Contains carbon - hydrogen covalent bonds; includes carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids (DNA)
Carbohydrates - ✅✅- serves as a source of energy in cell respiration
- contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
- saccharide "sugar"
Monosaccharides - ✅✅- carbohydrate molecules that is a Single sugar compound
- Simplest sugars
- glucose, fructose, and galactose
Disaccharides - ✅✅- made up of 2 (double) hexose sugars. - Sucrose, lactose, and maltose are
digested to
monosaccharides linked by a covalent bond and used for Cell respiration and energy production
Polysaccharides - ✅✅- A carbohydrate molecules that consist of many monosaccharides bonded
together; includes glycogen, starch and cellulose.
, Ex. Potatoes, bread, cakes
Starch - ✅✅- A polysaccharide produced by plants; digested to glucose, a source of energy for cellular
respiration
3 lipids - ✅✅1. True fats
2. Phospholipids
3. Steroids (cholesterol)
Saturated fat - - ✅✅A true fact that often is solid at room temperature and of animal origin; it's fatty
acids contain the maximum number of hydrogen.
Unsaturated fat - ✅✅- A true fat that is often liquid at room temperature and is of plant origin; it's
fatty acids contain less than the maximum number of hydrogens
Proteins - ✅✅- Amino acids are the subunits of proteins; 20 amino acids make up human proteins.
- peptide bonds join two amino acids together
- Polypeptide is short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
amino acids - ✅✅- an organic compound that contains an amino, or amine, group (NH2) and a
carboxyl group (COOH).
- are the subunit molecules of which human proteins are made
- In excess of the need for protein synthesis are converted to simple carbohydrates or too fat, for energy
production
peptide bond - ✅✅covalent bond formed between amino acids
Polypeptide - ✅✅long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds that makes proteins
