Test Bank for Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology: Essentials for Clinical Practice – Nancy Tkacs – 1st Edition – Complete textbook summary and clinical applications

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, CHAPTER 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF
v v v v v


CLINICAL PRACTICE
v v



ANSWER vKEY vAT vTHE vEND vOF vEACH vCHAPTER


1. The vcharacteristic, v localized v cardinal v signs v of v acute v inflammation v include:
A) fever.

B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.


2. The vvascular, vhemodynamic vstage vof vacute vinflammation vis vinitiated vby
vmomentary vvasoconstriction vfollowed vby vvasodilation vthat vcauses

vlocalized:



A) bleeding.

B) congestion.

C) pale vskin.
D) coolness.


3. The vcellular vstage vof vacute vinflammation vis vmarked vby vthe vmovement vof
vleukocytes vinto vthe varea. vWhich vof vthe vfollowing vcells varrives vearly vin

vgreat vnumbers?



A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes

C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets

4. The vphagocytosis vprocess vinvolves vthree vdistinct vsteps. vWhat vis vthe
vinitial vstep vin vthe vprocess?



A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular v killing

C) Antigen v margination




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,D) Recognition v and v adherence


5. Which vof vthe vfollowing vmediators vof vinflammation vcauses vincreased
vcapillary vpermeability vand vpain?



A) Serotonin

B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric voxide


6. Inflammatory vexudates vare va vcombination vof vseveral vtypes. vWhich vof
vthe vfollowing vexudates vis vcomposed vof venmeshed vnecrotic vcells?



A) Serous
B) Fibrinous

C) Suppurative
D) Membranous


7. The vacute-phase vsystemic vresponse vusually vbegins vwithin vhours vof vthe
vonset vof vinflammation vand vincludes:



A) fever v and v lethargy.
B) decreased v C-reactive v protein.

C) positive v nitrogen v balance.

D) low verythrocyte v sedimentation v rate.


8. In vcontrast vto vacute vinflammation, vchronic vinflammation vis vcharacterized
vby vwhich vof vthe vfollowing vphenomena?



A) Profuse vfibrinous vexudation

B) A vshift v to v the v left v of vgranulocytes

C) Metabolic v and v respiratory v alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis v and v activated v macrophages




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, 9. Exogenous vpyrogens v(interleukin-1) vand vthe vpresence vof vbacteria vin vthe
vblood vlead vto vthe vrelease vof vendogenous vpyrogens vthat:



A) stabilize v thermal v control v in vthe v brain.

B) produce v leukocytosis v and v anorexia.
C) block v viral v replication v in vcells.

D) inhibit v prostaglandin v release.


10 An volder vadult v patient v has vjust v sheared v the v skin v on v her v elbow v while v attempted
. to vboost vherself vup vin vbed, van vevent vthat vhas vprecipitated vacute
vinflammation vin vthe vregion vsurrounding vthe vwound. vWhich vof vthe

vfollowing vevents vwill voccur vduring vthe vvascular vstage vof vthe vpatients

vinflammation?



A) Outpouring vof vexudate v into v interstitial v spaces
B) Chemotaxis

C) Accumulation v of v leukocytes v along v the v epithelium

D) Phagocytosis v of v cellular v debris


11 Which v of v the v following v individuals vmost v likely vhas v the v highest v risk v of
. experiencing v chronic v inflammation?
A) A vpatient v who v has v recently vbeen v diagnosed v with v type v 2 v diabetes

B) A vpatient v who v is va v carrier v of v an v antibiotic-resistant v organism

C) A vpatient v who v is vtaking v oral v antibiotics v for v an v upper v respiratory v infection
D) A vpatient v who vis vmorbidly v obese v and v who v has v a v sedentary vlifestyle


12 Which v of v the v following v core v body vtemperatures v is v within v normal v range?
.

A) 35.9C v (96.6F)
B) 38.0C v (100.4F)

C) 35.5C v (95.9F)

D) 37.3C v (99.1F)




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