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EXAM 1 - BIOS 242 - CHAMBERLAIN questions and answers update

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EXAM 1 - BIOS 242 - CHAMBERLAIN questions and answers update

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EXAM 1 - BIOS 242 - CHAMBERLAIN questions and
answers 2025-2026 update
DNA is replicated in the ___-ANS >>nucleus


RNA is replicated in the ___-ANS >>cytoplasm


what is the first step in viral replication?-ANS >>penetration/adhesion (attaches to membrane usin
spikes)


what is the second step in viral replication?-ANS >>uncoating


what is the third step in viral replication?-ANS >>replication


what is the fourth step in viral replication?-ANS >>assembly


what is the fifth step in viral replication?-ANS >>maturation


what is the sixth step in viral replication?-ANS >>release (release the protein that has the viral component
so it infects more cells)


what are the four types of archaea?-ANS >>methanogens, hyperthemophile, psychrophile, halophiles


what are characteristics of a methanogen?-ANS >>CO2 with methane


where are methanogens found?-ANS >>swamps, landfill


what are characteristics of a hyperthermophile?-ANS >>loves high temperature


where are hyperthermophiles found?-ANS >>volcano

, what are characteristics of a psychrophile?-ANS >>survives in cold temperatures


where are psychrophiles found?-ANS >>ice caps


what are characteristics of a halophile?-ANS >>survives in salt environments


where are halophiles found?-ANS >>salt lake


This type of archaea live in swamps and marshes and produce methane, what is it?-ANS >>methanogen


This type of archaea requires hot, acidic environments-ANS >>hyperthemophile


during a gram stain, the presence of ____ gives a purple stain-ANS >>peptidolgycan


why is gram negative bacteria pink?-ANS >>outer membrane is weakened


what do gram negative bacteria have-ANS >>porin proteins, lipopolysaccharide-phospholipid oute
membrane surrounding a thin peptidoglycan layer.


what do gram positive bacteria have-ANS >>lipoteichoic acid with thick peptidoglycan cell wall


what are the four different types of structures microorganisms can use for movement, adherence, o
mating?-ANS >>fimbriae, pilus, flagella, and cilia


what is fimbriae used for?-ANS >>adhesion


what is pilus used for?-ANS >>mating/conjugation


what is flagella used for?-ANS >>movement


what is cilia used for?-ANS >>movement


what are the benefits about fungi?-ANS >>used for antibiotics, food products such as yeast and alcoho
and decomposition which puts nutrients back into environment


what are the bad things about fungi?-ANS >>contamination

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