Step 2 CK First Aid Rapid Review Test
Correctly Solved
Classic ECG finding in atrial flutter. - Answer "Sawtooth" P waves.
Definition of unstable angina. - Answer Angina is new, is worsening, or occurs at rest.
Antihypertensive for a diabetic patient with proteinuria. - Answer ACEI.
Beck's triad for cardiac tamponade. - Answer Hypotension, distant heart sounds, and JVD.
Drugs that slow AV node transmission. - Answer β-blockers, digoxin, calcium channel blockers.
Hypercholesterolemia treatment that leads to flushing and pruritus. - Answer Niacin.
Murmur—hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). - Answer Systolic ejection murmur heard
along the lateral sternal border that ↑ with Valsalva maneuver and standing.
Murmur—aortic insufficiency. - Answer Diastolic, decrescendo, high-pitched, blowing murmur that is
best heard sitting up; ↑ with ↓ preload (handgrip maneuver).
Murmur—aortic stenosis. - Answer Systolic crescendo/decrescendo murmur that radiates to the neck;
↑ with ↑ preload (Valsalva maneuver).
Murmur—mitral regurgitation. - Answer Holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axillae or carotids.
Murmur—mitral stenosis. - Answer Diastolic, mid- to late, low-pitched murmur.
Treatment for atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. - Answer If unstable, cardiovert. If stable or chronic,
rate control with calcium channel blockers or β-blockers.
,Treatment for ventricular fibrillation. - Answer Immediate cardioversion.
Autoimmune complication occurring 2-4 weeks post-MI. - Answer Dressler's syndrome: fever,
pericarditis, ↑ ESR.
IV drug use with JVD and holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border. Treatment? - Answer Treat
existing heart failure and replace the tricuspid valve.
Diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. - Answer Echocardiogram (showing thickened left
ventricular wall and outflow obstruction).
A fall in systolic BP of > 10 mmHg with inspiration. - Answer Pulsus paradoxus (seen in cardiac
tamponade).
Classic ECG findings in pericarditis. - Answer Low-voltage, diffuse ST-segment elevation.
Definition of hypertension. - Answer BP > 140/90 on three separate occasions two weeks apart.
Eight surgically correctable causes of hypertension. - Answer Renal artery stenosis, coarctation of the
aorta, pheochromocytoma, Conn's syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, unilateral renal parenchymal
disease, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism.
Evaluation of a pulsatile abdominal mass and bruit. - Answer Abdominal ultrasound and CT.
Indications for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. - Answer > 5.5 cm, rapidly enlarging,
symptomatic, or ruptured.
Treatment for acute coronary syndrome. - Answer Morphine, O2, sublingual nitroglycerin, ASA, IV β-
blockers, heparin.
, What is metabolic syndrome? - Answer Abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL, hypertension,
insulin resistance, prothrombotic or proinflammatory states.
Target LDL in a patient with diabetes. - Answer < 70.
Signs of active ischemia during stress testing. - Answer Angina, ST-segment changes on ECG, or ↓ BP.
ECG findings suggesting MI. - Answer ST-segment elevation (depression means ischemia), flattened T
waves, and Q waves.
Coronary territories in MI. - Answer Anterior wall (LAD/diagonal), inferior (PDA), posterior (left
circumflex/oblique, RCA/marginal), septum (LAD/diagonal).
A young patient has angina at rest with ST-segment elevation. Cardiac enzymes are normal. - Answer
Prinzmetal's angina.
Common symptoms associated with silent Mls. - Answer CHF, shock, and altered mental status.
The diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism. - Answer V/Q scan.
An agent that reverses the effects of heparin. - Answer Protamine.
The coagulation parameter affected by warfarin. - Answer PT.
A young patient with a family history of sudden death collapses and dies while exercising. - Answer
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Endocarditis prophylaxis regimens. - Answer Oral surgery—amoxicillin; GI or GU procedures—ampicillin
and gentamicin before and amoxicillin after.
Correctly Solved
Classic ECG finding in atrial flutter. - Answer "Sawtooth" P waves.
Definition of unstable angina. - Answer Angina is new, is worsening, or occurs at rest.
Antihypertensive for a diabetic patient with proteinuria. - Answer ACEI.
Beck's triad for cardiac tamponade. - Answer Hypotension, distant heart sounds, and JVD.
Drugs that slow AV node transmission. - Answer β-blockers, digoxin, calcium channel blockers.
Hypercholesterolemia treatment that leads to flushing and pruritus. - Answer Niacin.
Murmur—hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). - Answer Systolic ejection murmur heard
along the lateral sternal border that ↑ with Valsalva maneuver and standing.
Murmur—aortic insufficiency. - Answer Diastolic, decrescendo, high-pitched, blowing murmur that is
best heard sitting up; ↑ with ↓ preload (handgrip maneuver).
Murmur—aortic stenosis. - Answer Systolic crescendo/decrescendo murmur that radiates to the neck;
↑ with ↑ preload (Valsalva maneuver).
Murmur—mitral regurgitation. - Answer Holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axillae or carotids.
Murmur—mitral stenosis. - Answer Diastolic, mid- to late, low-pitched murmur.
Treatment for atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. - Answer If unstable, cardiovert. If stable or chronic,
rate control with calcium channel blockers or β-blockers.
,Treatment for ventricular fibrillation. - Answer Immediate cardioversion.
Autoimmune complication occurring 2-4 weeks post-MI. - Answer Dressler's syndrome: fever,
pericarditis, ↑ ESR.
IV drug use with JVD and holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border. Treatment? - Answer Treat
existing heart failure and replace the tricuspid valve.
Diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. - Answer Echocardiogram (showing thickened left
ventricular wall and outflow obstruction).
A fall in systolic BP of > 10 mmHg with inspiration. - Answer Pulsus paradoxus (seen in cardiac
tamponade).
Classic ECG findings in pericarditis. - Answer Low-voltage, diffuse ST-segment elevation.
Definition of hypertension. - Answer BP > 140/90 on three separate occasions two weeks apart.
Eight surgically correctable causes of hypertension. - Answer Renal artery stenosis, coarctation of the
aorta, pheochromocytoma, Conn's syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, unilateral renal parenchymal
disease, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism.
Evaluation of a pulsatile abdominal mass and bruit. - Answer Abdominal ultrasound and CT.
Indications for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. - Answer > 5.5 cm, rapidly enlarging,
symptomatic, or ruptured.
Treatment for acute coronary syndrome. - Answer Morphine, O2, sublingual nitroglycerin, ASA, IV β-
blockers, heparin.
, What is metabolic syndrome? - Answer Abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL, hypertension,
insulin resistance, prothrombotic or proinflammatory states.
Target LDL in a patient with diabetes. - Answer < 70.
Signs of active ischemia during stress testing. - Answer Angina, ST-segment changes on ECG, or ↓ BP.
ECG findings suggesting MI. - Answer ST-segment elevation (depression means ischemia), flattened T
waves, and Q waves.
Coronary territories in MI. - Answer Anterior wall (LAD/diagonal), inferior (PDA), posterior (left
circumflex/oblique, RCA/marginal), septum (LAD/diagonal).
A young patient has angina at rest with ST-segment elevation. Cardiac enzymes are normal. - Answer
Prinzmetal's angina.
Common symptoms associated with silent Mls. - Answer CHF, shock, and altered mental status.
The diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism. - Answer V/Q scan.
An agent that reverses the effects of heparin. - Answer Protamine.
The coagulation parameter affected by warfarin. - Answer PT.
A young patient with a family history of sudden death collapses and dies while exercising. - Answer
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Endocarditis prophylaxis regimens. - Answer Oral surgery—amoxicillin; GI or GU procedures—ampicillin
and gentamicin before and amoxicillin after.
