BIO120H1 Midterm Exam Graded A+
adaptation (verb) - ANSWER-the evolutionary process that leads to the origin and
maintenance of such traits
adaptation as a noun - ANSWER-any trait that makes an organism better able to
survive or reproduce in a given environment
adaptation as a process - ANSWER-the evolutionary process that leads to the origin
and maintenance of such traits
adaptive radiation - ANSWER-the evolution of ecological and phenotypic diversity within
a rapidly multiplying lineage
allopatric - ANSWER-across regions
allopolyploidy - ANSWER-having different sets of DNA (2+)
artificial selection - ANSWER-involves controlling breeding of individuals with particular
traits for many generations
August Weisman Germplasm Theory - ANSWER-inheritance only by germ cells;
somatic cells do not function as agents of heredity
thus genetic info cannot be passed from soma to gametes
autopolyploidy - ANSWER-having all the same sets of 2+ DNA
avatisms - ANSWER-occasional individual with an anomaly that appears to be a
reappearance of ancestral traits
balance model of population genetic variation - ANSWER-included:
heterozygote advantage
high heterozygosity
high polymorphism
selection favours diversity
biodiversity - ANSWER-the variety of life on earth
the number and kinds of living organisms in a given area
biogeography - ANSWER-study of the distribution of organisms around the world
biological - ANSWER-based on interfertility among individuals
changes in repeat number - ANSWER-extra set of codon is added into sequence
, chromosomal rearrangements - ANSWER-large mutations where many nucleotides
from a chromosome move
nucleotides can be reversed or moved to another sequence
classical model of population genetic variation - ANSWER-included:
negative selection
low heterzygosity
low polymorphism
Clausen-Keck-Hiesey Transplant Experiments - ANSWER-found widespread evidence
for local adaptation
differences between populations due to both plasticity and genetics
clonal propagation - ANSWER-a group of plants originating from a single source plant
by vegetative propagation
common ancestry - ANSWER-a group of organisms share common descent if they have
a common ancestor
comparative approach - ANSWER-obtain same data from many species
continental islands - ANSWER-Islands that were formed by the shifting of the earth's
plates.
continuous variation - ANSWER-includes quantitative genetics
convergent evolution - ANSWER-species that live in similar habitats that experience
similar selection pressures from environment and thus produce similar adaptations
Creationalists - ANSWER-direct creation of all things in their present form
dead genes - ANSWER-genes that were once useful but are no longer in tact or
expressed
deterministic - ANSWER-predictable or non-random evolutionary forces
direct competition - ANSWER-the fighting between two males for the possession of the
female
directional selection - ANSWER-favours one extreme
discontinuous variation - ANSWER-includes mendelian genetics
disruptive selection - ANSWER-favours both extremes
adaptation (verb) - ANSWER-the evolutionary process that leads to the origin and
maintenance of such traits
adaptation as a noun - ANSWER-any trait that makes an organism better able to
survive or reproduce in a given environment
adaptation as a process - ANSWER-the evolutionary process that leads to the origin
and maintenance of such traits
adaptive radiation - ANSWER-the evolution of ecological and phenotypic diversity within
a rapidly multiplying lineage
allopatric - ANSWER-across regions
allopolyploidy - ANSWER-having different sets of DNA (2+)
artificial selection - ANSWER-involves controlling breeding of individuals with particular
traits for many generations
August Weisman Germplasm Theory - ANSWER-inheritance only by germ cells;
somatic cells do not function as agents of heredity
thus genetic info cannot be passed from soma to gametes
autopolyploidy - ANSWER-having all the same sets of 2+ DNA
avatisms - ANSWER-occasional individual with an anomaly that appears to be a
reappearance of ancestral traits
balance model of population genetic variation - ANSWER-included:
heterozygote advantage
high heterozygosity
high polymorphism
selection favours diversity
biodiversity - ANSWER-the variety of life on earth
the number and kinds of living organisms in a given area
biogeography - ANSWER-study of the distribution of organisms around the world
biological - ANSWER-based on interfertility among individuals
changes in repeat number - ANSWER-extra set of codon is added into sequence
, chromosomal rearrangements - ANSWER-large mutations where many nucleotides
from a chromosome move
nucleotides can be reversed or moved to another sequence
classical model of population genetic variation - ANSWER-included:
negative selection
low heterzygosity
low polymorphism
Clausen-Keck-Hiesey Transplant Experiments - ANSWER-found widespread evidence
for local adaptation
differences between populations due to both plasticity and genetics
clonal propagation - ANSWER-a group of plants originating from a single source plant
by vegetative propagation
common ancestry - ANSWER-a group of organisms share common descent if they have
a common ancestor
comparative approach - ANSWER-obtain same data from many species
continental islands - ANSWER-Islands that were formed by the shifting of the earth's
plates.
continuous variation - ANSWER-includes quantitative genetics
convergent evolution - ANSWER-species that live in similar habitats that experience
similar selection pressures from environment and thus produce similar adaptations
Creationalists - ANSWER-direct creation of all things in their present form
dead genes - ANSWER-genes that were once useful but are no longer in tact or
expressed
deterministic - ANSWER-predictable or non-random evolutionary forces
direct competition - ANSWER-the fighting between two males for the possession of the
female
directional selection - ANSWER-favours one extreme
discontinuous variation - ANSWER-includes mendelian genetics
disruptive selection - ANSWER-favours both extremes
