CMAN 380 - EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
community health nursing - Answers - -synthesis of nursing practice and public health
practice applied to promoting and preserving the health of populations
-general and comprehensive, not limited to an age/diagnosis
-continuing, not episodic
public health nursing - Answers - The practice of promoting and protecting the health
of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences
What are the goals for community/public health? - Answers - -care for clients in non
hospital settings
-support of development and well-being throughout life cycle
-promotion of interpersonal relationships and mutual caring, self-responsibility regarding
health, and relative safety in the environment while conserving resources
-reduction of health disparities
what is an aggregate? - Answers - group of people with a common trait defined by a
nurse
what is a community? - Answers - when people of the aggregate form a connection or
bond
examples of community health nurse jobs? - Answers - home health, community
mental health, correctional, hospice, occupation health, school health, state/local health
departments
direct care - Answers - involved face-to-face management and coordination of care
indirect care - Answers - does NOT involve interpersonal relationships with all persons
who benefit from care
four principles that guide community practice - Answers - ethical consideration,
advocacy, epidemiology, community based health education
coalition building - Answers - Developing linkages
political action - Answers - used of power to influence decisions
policy development - Answers - places health issues and plans of action on decision
makers' agenda
medical model - Answers - -focuses on disease
-medical treatment
-services by health providers
,public health model - Answers - -focus on prevention and quality of life
-broader focus
-medical, social, personal and other factors
6 determinants of health - Answers - 1. Access to care
2. Biological/genetics
3. Beliefs & lifestyle behaviors
4. Economic and social
5. Political and cultural
6. Environmental
primary prevention - Answers - focus on prevention of disease or illness
secondary prevention - Answers - treating the disease, early intervention, screenings,
health maintenance, case-finding
tertiary prevention - Answers - rehabilitation, leading to recovery
principles of public health nursing - Answers - The client is the population
Primary obligation is greatest good for population as a whole
Working with the population as an equal partner
Primary prevention is the priority
Creates healthy environments (physical, social, and economic) in which populations
may thrive
Obligation to actively find and reach out to all who can benefit from a service or activity
Optimal resource utilization for overall population health improvement
Collaboration with individual and aggregate stakeholders
Equal partnerships are not present in hospital because someone is the patient
home visit - Answers - purposeful interaction provided to individuals and families in
their place of residence to promote, maintain, and restore health or maximize the level
of independence while minimizing the effects of disability and illness
advantages of home visits - Answers - -Individualized care
-Patients preference
-Can reduce overall costs
-Family focused
-Assessment and collecting information is multidimensional
, disadvantages of home visits - Answers - -Less efficient (travel time)
-Distractions
techniques for interviewing - Answers - -Ask broad and open questions
-Active listening
-Reflective statements
-Be present
-Genuineness
-Empathy
-Positive regard
contracting definitions - Answers - -shared partnership with active client participation in
addressing health
-collaboration between the nurse and the client/family
-agreement between clients and nurse regarding the mutual identification of needs, the
development of a plan, the division of responsibilities and the method of evaluation and
possible renegotiation
advantages of a contract - Answers - -Framework for the relationship
-keeps client goal directed
-establishes clear responsibilities
-helps client become independent
elements of contract - Answers - -Purpose of nurse-client relationship
-roles of client and nurse
-responsibility of client and nurse
-expectations
-meeting time and confidentiality
health belief model - Answers - -used to understand the reason people failed to adopt
prevention strategies or screening tests for early detection of disease
-perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers
referral process - Answers - -process of direction persons to a resources to meet
needs
-establish criteria for referral
-assess client receptivity
-assist in referral process
-help overcome barriers
-evaluate effectiveness of referral
federal government - Answers - -legislation, revenue
-responsibility for protecting the health of its population
-ensure all levels of government have capabilities to provide essential public health
services
community health nursing - Answers - -synthesis of nursing practice and public health
practice applied to promoting and preserving the health of populations
-general and comprehensive, not limited to an age/diagnosis
-continuing, not episodic
public health nursing - Answers - The practice of promoting and protecting the health
of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences
What are the goals for community/public health? - Answers - -care for clients in non
hospital settings
-support of development and well-being throughout life cycle
-promotion of interpersonal relationships and mutual caring, self-responsibility regarding
health, and relative safety in the environment while conserving resources
-reduction of health disparities
what is an aggregate? - Answers - group of people with a common trait defined by a
nurse
what is a community? - Answers - when people of the aggregate form a connection or
bond
examples of community health nurse jobs? - Answers - home health, community
mental health, correctional, hospice, occupation health, school health, state/local health
departments
direct care - Answers - involved face-to-face management and coordination of care
indirect care - Answers - does NOT involve interpersonal relationships with all persons
who benefit from care
four principles that guide community practice - Answers - ethical consideration,
advocacy, epidemiology, community based health education
coalition building - Answers - Developing linkages
political action - Answers - used of power to influence decisions
policy development - Answers - places health issues and plans of action on decision
makers' agenda
medical model - Answers - -focuses on disease
-medical treatment
-services by health providers
,public health model - Answers - -focus on prevention and quality of life
-broader focus
-medical, social, personal and other factors
6 determinants of health - Answers - 1. Access to care
2. Biological/genetics
3. Beliefs & lifestyle behaviors
4. Economic and social
5. Political and cultural
6. Environmental
primary prevention - Answers - focus on prevention of disease or illness
secondary prevention - Answers - treating the disease, early intervention, screenings,
health maintenance, case-finding
tertiary prevention - Answers - rehabilitation, leading to recovery
principles of public health nursing - Answers - The client is the population
Primary obligation is greatest good for population as a whole
Working with the population as an equal partner
Primary prevention is the priority
Creates healthy environments (physical, social, and economic) in which populations
may thrive
Obligation to actively find and reach out to all who can benefit from a service or activity
Optimal resource utilization for overall population health improvement
Collaboration with individual and aggregate stakeholders
Equal partnerships are not present in hospital because someone is the patient
home visit - Answers - purposeful interaction provided to individuals and families in
their place of residence to promote, maintain, and restore health or maximize the level
of independence while minimizing the effects of disability and illness
advantages of home visits - Answers - -Individualized care
-Patients preference
-Can reduce overall costs
-Family focused
-Assessment and collecting information is multidimensional
, disadvantages of home visits - Answers - -Less efficient (travel time)
-Distractions
techniques for interviewing - Answers - -Ask broad and open questions
-Active listening
-Reflective statements
-Be present
-Genuineness
-Empathy
-Positive regard
contracting definitions - Answers - -shared partnership with active client participation in
addressing health
-collaboration between the nurse and the client/family
-agreement between clients and nurse regarding the mutual identification of needs, the
development of a plan, the division of responsibilities and the method of evaluation and
possible renegotiation
advantages of a contract - Answers - -Framework for the relationship
-keeps client goal directed
-establishes clear responsibilities
-helps client become independent
elements of contract - Answers - -Purpose of nurse-client relationship
-roles of client and nurse
-responsibility of client and nurse
-expectations
-meeting time and confidentiality
health belief model - Answers - -used to understand the reason people failed to adopt
prevention strategies or screening tests for early detection of disease
-perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers
referral process - Answers - -process of direction persons to a resources to meet
needs
-establish criteria for referral
-assess client receptivity
-assist in referral process
-help overcome barriers
-evaluate effectiveness of referral
federal government - Answers - -legislation, revenue
-responsibility for protecting the health of its population
-ensure all levels of government have capabilities to provide essential public health
services
