SCRN Study Guide 2025 Questions and Answers

SCRN Study Guide 2025 Questions and
Answers


anoxia - --Answer --total depletion in the level of O2 although there is

adequate blood flow


hypoxia - --Answer --decrease in O2 levels despite adequate blood flow


necrotic pathway - --Answer --cell energy failure and rapid cytoskeletal

breakdown


apoptotic pathway - --Answer --programmed cell death


primary brain injury - --Answer --An injury to the brain and its associated

structures that is a direct result of impact to the head.


Secondary brain injury - --Answer --The "after effects" of the primary injury;

includes abnormal processes such as cerebral edema, increased intracranial

pressure, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and infection; onset is often delayed

following the primary brain injury.




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,mass effect - --Answer --a phenomenon in which a focal lesion or contusion

causes surrounding area of the brain tissue or brain structures to be compressed

and injured due to the degree of space that leaking blood, CSF, or edema take up

within the restricted skull space


saccular aneurysm - --Answer --Bulge on side of vessel- accounts for a large

majority of cerebral aneurysms


fusiform aneurysm - --Answer --dilation of the entire circumference of the

artery


cerebral vasospasm - --Answer --when the blood vessels in the brain narrow,

thereby reducing blood flow to the brain and subsequent death of brain tissue


Anterior Communicating Artery - --Answer --connects Right and Left ACA


Middle cerebral Artery - --Answer --supplies the parietal and temporal lobes


Posterior Communicating Artery - --Answer --helps connect blood from the

anterior and posterior circulation


Posterior Cerebral Artery - --Answer --supplies the occipital lobe, thalamus,

and midbrain


Basilar Artery and Vertebral Artery - --Answer --supply blood to the brain

stem and cerebellum


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,Wernicke's area - --Answer --language comprehension (temporal lobe)


Broca's area - --Answer --speech production (frontal lobe)


dysarthria - --Answer --slurred speech and generally reflects poor motor

control of the muscles associated with speech and language


Cranial Nerve I - --Answer --Olfactory: Smell


Cranial Nerve II - --Answer --Optic Nerve: vision


Cranial Nerve III - --Answer --Oculomotor Nerve


Eye movement; pupil constriction


Cranial Nerve IV - --Answer --Trochlear Nerve; eye movement


Cranial Nerve V - --Answer --Trigeminal nerve; somatosensory info (touch,

pain) from the face and head; muscles for chewing


Cranial Nerve VI - --Answer --Abducens Nerve: eye movement


Cranial Nerve VII - --Answer --Facial Nerve: taste (ant. 2/3 of tongue);

somatosensory information from ear, controls muscles used in facial expression


Cranial Nerve VIII - --Answer --Vestibulocochlear nerve: hearing, balance




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, Cranial Nerve IX - --Answer --Glossopharyngeal Nerve: taste (post 1/3 on

tongue); somatosensory information from tongue, tonsil, pharynx; controls some

muscles used in swallowing


Cranial Nerve X - --Answer --Vagus Nerve: Sensory motor and autonomic

functions (glands, digestion, hr)


Cranial Nerve XI - --Answer --Spinal Accessory Nerve: controls muscles

used in head movement


Cranial Nerve XII - --Answer --Hypoglossal Nerve: controls muscles of the

tongue


basal ganglia - --Answer --coordinating muscle movement


limbic system - --Answer --A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures

at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions

such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex.


Parts of the Lymbic System - --Answer --1. hypothalamus


2. amygdala

3. hippocampus


hypothalamus - --Answer --autonomic nervous system; main center for

control of body temp, circadian rhythm and body water osmolality


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