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COMMON CAUSES OF ABDOMINAL PAIN

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COMMON CAUSES OF ABDOMINAL PAIN Appendicitis - CORRECT ANSWER -Obstruction of the appendix associated with inflammation, perforation, and peritonitis. Pt. often lies on back or side to diminish pain. S/S: Sharp pain directly over irritated peritoneum, 2-12 hrs. after onset. Rebound tenderness. Often w/ anorexia, N/V Cholecystitis - CORRECT ANSWER -Obstruction of the cystic duct causing inflammation or distention of the gallbladder. S/S: Murphy's Sign: apply gentle pressure below the right sub-costal arch and below liver margin. Sharp pain and inspiratory arrest occur when pt. takes deep breath. Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER -Symptom of infrequent bowel movements. Disruption in normal bowel pattern, defecation may occur w/ opioid use or inadequate fiber and fluid intake. S/S: Generalized discomfort accompanied by distention and palpation of a hard mass in the left lower quadrant. N/V may begin after several days. Crohn's Disease - CORRECT ANSWER -Chronic inflammatory lesion of the ileum of unknown cause. S/S: Steady colicky pain in RLQ, or diffuse w/ cramping, tenderness, flatulence, nausea, fever and diarrhea. Often associated w/bloody stools, weight loss, weakness and fatigue. Tender mass of thickened intestine may be palpated in RLQ Gastroenteritis - CORRECT ANSWER -Inflammation of stomach and intestinal tract. S/S: Generalized abdominal discomfort accompanied by anorexia, N/V, diarrhea, abd. cramping. Intestinal (bowel) Obstruction - CORRECT ANSWER -Blockage of the lumen of the intestine. S/S: Colicky pain, N/V, constipation, abd. distention. Bowel sounds are hyperactive w/ a rushing sound (early obstruction) or absent bowel sounds (late obstruction) Pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWER -Inflammation of the pancreas associated with alcoholism and gallbladder disease. S/S: Steady severe epigastric pain close to the umbilicus, radiates to back. Associated with abd. rigidity and vomiting. Pain is unrelieved by vomiting, worsens by lying supine. Decreased or absent bowel sounds. Paralytic Ileus - CORRECT ANSWER -Obstruction of the small bowel that occurs after abd. surgery, from abd. radiation, or use of anticholinergic meds. (that blocks/opposes acetylcholine). S/S: Generalized severe abd. distention, N/V. Decreased or absent

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