NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 2024/2025 Exam
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔can use urine,
saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure
to see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cellular bags of granules located in loose
connective tisssue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory
process.
Histamine - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Causes vasodilation, increases vascular
permeability, increases blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema
and swelling.
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Cytokines - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation
of innate or adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be
pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
Leukotrines - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Released when mast cells degranulate,
prolong the inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils,
monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for singular.
Prostaglandins - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Released when mast cells degranulate,
are produced by the arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet
aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.
Chemotactic factors - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Biochemical substance that attracts
leukocyte to the site of inflammation
Neutrophils - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Predominant leukocyte at work during the
early stages of acute inflammation
Monocytes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Become macrophages when entering the
tissue, responsible for presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-
cell immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Cytokine IL1 function - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Causes fever, activates phagocytes
& lymphocytes and also increases the release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Stimulates production of acute
phase reactants and promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Causes fever, increases synthesis
of proinflammatory proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces
thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Promotes production and
maturation of neutrophils
Complement - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Functions include bacterial lysis,
vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell
degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization.
Kinin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for
pain and chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and
vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Factor XII activates kinin. Function
is to form fibrin mesh to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔can use urine,
saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure
to see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cellular bags of granules located in loose
connective tisssue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory
process.
Histamine - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Causes vasodilation, increases vascular
permeability, increases blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema
and swelling.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Cytokines - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation
of innate or adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be
pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
Leukotrines - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Released when mast cells degranulate,
prolong the inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils,
monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for singular.
Prostaglandins - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Released when mast cells degranulate,
are produced by the arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet
aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.
Chemotactic factors - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Biochemical substance that attracts
leukocyte to the site of inflammation
Neutrophils - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Predominant leukocyte at work during the
early stages of acute inflammation
Monocytes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Become macrophages when entering the
tissue, responsible for presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-
cell immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Cytokine IL1 function - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Causes fever, activates phagocytes
& lymphocytes and also increases the release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Stimulates production of acute
phase reactants and promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Causes fever, increases synthesis
of proinflammatory proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces
thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Promotes production and
maturation of neutrophils
Complement - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Functions include bacterial lysis,
vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell
degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization.
Kinin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for
pain and chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and
vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Factor XII activates kinin. Function
is to form fibrin mesh to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
