PROCTORED HESI PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
ASSESSMENT WITH 150+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+//UPDATED 2025
Asthma VERIFIED ANSWER obstructive, chronic inflammatory
airway disorder resulting in reversible bronchoconstriction and air
hunger in response to a variety of triggers
Emphysema (COPD) VERIFIED ANSWER a chronic disorder of the
lungs resulting in over-inflation of air spaces, loss of elasticity, and
decreased gas exchange; another term is "pink puffer" because the
patient does not become cyanotic until end stages of the disease
Bronchitis (COPD) VERIFIED ANSWER inflammation of the mucous
membranes of the bronchial airways; also called "blue bloater" due to
hypoxemia that leads to cyanosis
Cystic Fibrosis VERIFIED ANSWER autosomal-recessive disease of
exocrine glands that manifests itself in multiple organs, characterized by
excessive production of mucus and COPD in early childhood
Bronchiectasis VERIFIED ANSWER an irreversible state of bronchial
dilation and destruction of bronchial walls
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder VERIFIED ANSWER a
group of pulmonary diseases involving obstruction of airflow that is
,chronic and recurrent, usually associated with emphysema and chronic
bronchitis
atelectasis VERIFIED ANSWER collapse of a portion of lung with
limited gas exchange
cor pulmonale VERIFIED ANSWER a disorder manifested by
hypertrophy of the right ventricle caused by pulmonary hypertension;
manifests as right heart failure
flail chest VERIFIED ANSWER instability of the chest wall usually
caused by trauma or fractured ribs with a reverse in chest wall
movement from normal: chest wall contracts on inspiration and expands
outward on expiration
hemothorax VERIFIED ANSWER collection of blood or fluid in the
pleural space
obstructive pulmonary disorders VERIFIED ANSWER any respiratory
disorder that obstructs flow of air out of the lungs, primarily impeding
expiration, including asthma, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, and
bronchiectasis
pleural effusion VERIFIED ANSWER increased accumulation of fluid
between the visceral and parietal pleura of the lungs
, pleuritis VERIFIED ANSWER inflammation of the parietal space, also
known as pleurisy
pneumonia VERIFIED ANSWER inflammation of the lungs caused by
bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other pathogens
pneumothorax VERIFIED ANSWER collapse of a portion or all of a
lung due to trapping of air in pleural space
Pulmonary embolism (PE) VERIFIED ANSWER blockage of a
pulmonary artery by an embolus of blood, fat, amnionic fluid, air, or
foreign substance
pulmonary hypertension VERIFIED ANSWER a sustained elevation of
pulmonary pressure greater than 20 mmHg
restrictive pulmonary disorders VERIFIED ANSWER any disease that
limits expansion of lungs or chest wall movement, primarily impeding
inspiration
sleep apnea VERIFIED ANSWER having periods of delay or lack of
breathing (usually longer than 10 seconds) during sleep
status asthmaticus VERIFIED ANSWER an acute emergency of a
prolonged or repetitive asthma attack
ASSESSMENT WITH 150+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+//UPDATED 2025
Asthma VERIFIED ANSWER obstructive, chronic inflammatory
airway disorder resulting in reversible bronchoconstriction and air
hunger in response to a variety of triggers
Emphysema (COPD) VERIFIED ANSWER a chronic disorder of the
lungs resulting in over-inflation of air spaces, loss of elasticity, and
decreased gas exchange; another term is "pink puffer" because the
patient does not become cyanotic until end stages of the disease
Bronchitis (COPD) VERIFIED ANSWER inflammation of the mucous
membranes of the bronchial airways; also called "blue bloater" due to
hypoxemia that leads to cyanosis
Cystic Fibrosis VERIFIED ANSWER autosomal-recessive disease of
exocrine glands that manifests itself in multiple organs, characterized by
excessive production of mucus and COPD in early childhood
Bronchiectasis VERIFIED ANSWER an irreversible state of bronchial
dilation and destruction of bronchial walls
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder VERIFIED ANSWER a
group of pulmonary diseases involving obstruction of airflow that is
,chronic and recurrent, usually associated with emphysema and chronic
bronchitis
atelectasis VERIFIED ANSWER collapse of a portion of lung with
limited gas exchange
cor pulmonale VERIFIED ANSWER a disorder manifested by
hypertrophy of the right ventricle caused by pulmonary hypertension;
manifests as right heart failure
flail chest VERIFIED ANSWER instability of the chest wall usually
caused by trauma or fractured ribs with a reverse in chest wall
movement from normal: chest wall contracts on inspiration and expands
outward on expiration
hemothorax VERIFIED ANSWER collection of blood or fluid in the
pleural space
obstructive pulmonary disorders VERIFIED ANSWER any respiratory
disorder that obstructs flow of air out of the lungs, primarily impeding
expiration, including asthma, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, and
bronchiectasis
pleural effusion VERIFIED ANSWER increased accumulation of fluid
between the visceral and parietal pleura of the lungs
, pleuritis VERIFIED ANSWER inflammation of the parietal space, also
known as pleurisy
pneumonia VERIFIED ANSWER inflammation of the lungs caused by
bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other pathogens
pneumothorax VERIFIED ANSWER collapse of a portion or all of a
lung due to trapping of air in pleural space
Pulmonary embolism (PE) VERIFIED ANSWER blockage of a
pulmonary artery by an embolus of blood, fat, amnionic fluid, air, or
foreign substance
pulmonary hypertension VERIFIED ANSWER a sustained elevation of
pulmonary pressure greater than 20 mmHg
restrictive pulmonary disorders VERIFIED ANSWER any disease that
limits expansion of lungs or chest wall movement, primarily impeding
inspiration
sleep apnea VERIFIED ANSWER having periods of delay or lack of
breathing (usually longer than 10 seconds) during sleep
status asthmaticus VERIFIED ANSWER an acute emergency of a
prolonged or repetitive asthma attack
