Basic Bio-Chemistry
why is chem important in Biology
Molecular composition and structure
Biochemical reactions
Enzyme function
Genetics and moleu;ar biology
cellular processes
drug development
Atoms
all life and matter are built from atoms
Number of electrons and proton sis generally the same
Proton/neutron in the center
surrounded by electron
Atoms have atomic number and mass number
Atomic number is number of protons
mass number is number of neutrons and protons
Isotopes
Form of an element with different numbers of neutrons, and thus different
mass numbers
somewhat unstable
can cause reactions
Radioisotopes
give off eneergy in form or radiation from the nucleous
—> leads to radioactive decay, changing number of neutrons over times
Basic Bio-Chemistry 1
, can cause mutations, leading to cancer, damage cell tissue
can also kill cancer cells (chemotherapy)
Biologically, electrons are the most important
determine chemical reactivity of each element
Orbital path of the electron define the geometry of the bonds
geometry of a conception of two elements to form a molecule is
determined largely by orbital structure (the way its shaped determines
how they interact with eachother)
Defines chemical reactivity of each substance
also determined by the distribution of electrons in their outer shell
(Valence)
Periodic table
Elements in the same periodic table, called a group or family, share the same
number of electrons in their outer shell
chemical bonds form when atoms interact to complete their valance (outer)
shell, bond type depends on electronegativity (their ability to attract electrons)
Alkalai metals & earth metals: very reactive
Bottom left, less elecrtonegativity
top right, more electronegativity
Except for noble gasses because they only need one more
Intramolecular & Intermolecular interactions
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369676537/figure/fig2/AS:114312
81133902078@1680322441693/Classification-of-intermolecular-and-intram
olecular-forces-Figure-was-taken-from-Ref.ppm
Basic Bio-Chemistry 2
why is chem important in Biology
Molecular composition and structure
Biochemical reactions
Enzyme function
Genetics and moleu;ar biology
cellular processes
drug development
Atoms
all life and matter are built from atoms
Number of electrons and proton sis generally the same
Proton/neutron in the center
surrounded by electron
Atoms have atomic number and mass number
Atomic number is number of protons
mass number is number of neutrons and protons
Isotopes
Form of an element with different numbers of neutrons, and thus different
mass numbers
somewhat unstable
can cause reactions
Radioisotopes
give off eneergy in form or radiation from the nucleous
—> leads to radioactive decay, changing number of neutrons over times
Basic Bio-Chemistry 1
, can cause mutations, leading to cancer, damage cell tissue
can also kill cancer cells (chemotherapy)
Biologically, electrons are the most important
determine chemical reactivity of each element
Orbital path of the electron define the geometry of the bonds
geometry of a conception of two elements to form a molecule is
determined largely by orbital structure (the way its shaped determines
how they interact with eachother)
Defines chemical reactivity of each substance
also determined by the distribution of electrons in their outer shell
(Valence)
Periodic table
Elements in the same periodic table, called a group or family, share the same
number of electrons in their outer shell
chemical bonds form when atoms interact to complete their valance (outer)
shell, bond type depends on electronegativity (their ability to attract electrons)
Alkalai metals & earth metals: very reactive
Bottom left, less elecrtonegativity
top right, more electronegativity
Except for noble gasses because they only need one more
Intramolecular & Intermolecular interactions
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369676537/figure/fig2/AS:114312
81133902078@1680322441693/Classification-of-intermolecular-and-intram
olecular-forces-Figure-was-taken-from-Ref.ppm
Basic Bio-Chemistry 2
