CRIMINOLOGY: UNIT 1 UP TO AC 2.2 AND UNIT 2 UP TO
AC 3.2 WRITE UP MODEL ANSWER
1. what crime is white colar
non-violent and
done for financial
gain
2. types of white col- Organised
lar crime Corporate
Professional
3. example of pro- zholia alemim- falsely practised as a psychiatrist for 22
fessional fraud years - manipulated her patient into putting her as the
sole beneficent of her will of a £1.3 million estate- jailed
for 5 years
4. examples of white bribery corruption fraud embezzlement professional mis-
collar crime conduct
5. example of em- Lord conrad black- owner of they daily and Sunday tele-
bezzlement graph- defrauded share holders- jailed for 6.5 years
6. white collar offender= someone in position of power or from up-
analysis per/middle class background
victim= someone who is vulnerable, shareholders, cus-
toms
criminal or deviant= both
public awareness= median on the higher side
7. what is moral An act goes against social norms seen as deviant
crime
8. example of moral bigamy prostitution
crime
9. what is unusu- it is viewed as victimless
al about moral
crimes
10. what type of organised crime
crime is planned
, CRIMINOLOGY: UNIT 1 UP TO AC 2.2 AND UNIT 2 UP
TO AC 3.2 WRITE UP MODEL ANSWER
and controlled by
powerful groups
11. what type of extortion, protection rackets, drug dealing, and smug-
crime happens in gling prostitution, illegal gambling, gang wars, assassi-
organised crime nation, murder, anything to make money
12. organised crime offender= the members of the organisation wanting mon-
analysis ey
victims= anyone/vunrable/rivals
crime or deviant= both/high levels of deviance
public awareness= medium
13. what are hate individual crimes
crimes, honour
crimes, and do-
mestic abuse
classified as
14. definition of indi- a crime committed by an individual for their incentive
vidual crime
15. Honour crime ex- banaz mahod was strangled and buried in a suitcase
ample under Birmingham in 2016 after her father and uncle
planned her death for leaving an unhappy marriage and
starting a new relationship with another man
16. honour crime offenders= family
analysis victim= family
public awareness= low
crime or deviant= both
17. hate crime analy- offender= anyone, particularly if they have prejudice
sis victim= someone with particular characteristics
public awareness= high
criminal or deviant= both
18. what is state crime committed by the state/government heads
crime
, CRIMINOLOGY: UNIT 1 UP TO AC 2.2 AND UNIT 2 UP
TO AC 3.2 WRITE UP MODEL ANSWER
19. examples of state genocide, war crimes, killing a hostage etc
crime
20. technological Use of any form of technology in committing a crime
crime
21. examples of tech- e-crime, email scams, identity theft, social network
nological crime scams
22. personal reasons fear
why people do shame
not report crime disinterested
not affected
23. social and cultur- lack of knowledge
al complexity
lack of media interest
kack of public concern
culture bound crime
24. What are the cat- Personal, Social, Cultural
egories of reason
people don't re-
port
crime?
25. Why might com- May not be fully understood by general public, some
plexity be a rea- crimes
son for not report- are hard to prove. They may not know on how to report
ing crime
crime?
26. consequences of It limits the deterrent capability of the criminal justice
unreported system, It contributes to the misallocation of police re-
crime? sources.
27. what does ripple The impact of crime can spread beyond the immediate
effect mean victim throughout his or her family, friends, and commu-
nity.
, criminology: unit 1 up to ac 2.2 and unit 2 up to ac 3.2
28. Cultural Differ- Sometimes there are cultural differences that make ac-
ences tions criminal in one country and not another. A lack of
knowledge regarding cultural differences can lead to any
number of
unfortunate inter-cultural incidents.
29. how can unre- An important part of making sure limited public resources
ported crime af- are used wisely, and allows police to reflect the desires of
fect Police Priori- the people they serve. Crime data is one of the methods
tisation used to identify policing priorities in an area. So if crimes
are not reported, they will not become a police priority.
30. why does decrim- Laws are frequently altered because they cannot be
inalisation occur imposed
or enforced.
31. what can cause There is a lack of public interest in a crime, leading to the
decriminalisation underreporting of the crime, and therefore, the law can
not be imposed or enforced effectively.
32. Broken Windows Wilson and Kelling's theory that a neighborhood in disre-
Theory pair signals that criminal activity is tolerated in the area.
By cracking down on quality-of-life crimes, police can
reclaim the neighborhood and encourage law-abiding
citizens to live and work there.
33. local effects Depopulation as people move away because they do not
of unreported feel safe at home. Loss of community spirit and result in
crimes less neighbourliness. People try and stay low to avoid
trouble so they become isolated. This will lead to poverty
in the area as businesses and jobs go away.The area can
be labelled as a 'sink area' so anyone who lives there will
be discriminated against in future or seen as part of the
crime.
34. Social effects of Certain social groups are isolated from society. Groups
unreported crime become polarised so those who are a member of the
hate group may support each other, whereas other peo-
ple distance themselves. At its worst, it can lead to geno-
cide of certain groups of people (e.g. the Holocaust -
AC 3.2 WRITE UP MODEL ANSWER
1. what crime is white colar
non-violent and
done for financial
gain
2. types of white col- Organised
lar crime Corporate
Professional
3. example of pro- zholia alemim- falsely practised as a psychiatrist for 22
fessional fraud years - manipulated her patient into putting her as the
sole beneficent of her will of a £1.3 million estate- jailed
for 5 years
4. examples of white bribery corruption fraud embezzlement professional mis-
collar crime conduct
5. example of em- Lord conrad black- owner of they daily and Sunday tele-
bezzlement graph- defrauded share holders- jailed for 6.5 years
6. white collar offender= someone in position of power or from up-
analysis per/middle class background
victim= someone who is vulnerable, shareholders, cus-
toms
criminal or deviant= both
public awareness= median on the higher side
7. what is moral An act goes against social norms seen as deviant
crime
8. example of moral bigamy prostitution
crime
9. what is unusu- it is viewed as victimless
al about moral
crimes
10. what type of organised crime
crime is planned
, CRIMINOLOGY: UNIT 1 UP TO AC 2.2 AND UNIT 2 UP
TO AC 3.2 WRITE UP MODEL ANSWER
and controlled by
powerful groups
11. what type of extortion, protection rackets, drug dealing, and smug-
crime happens in gling prostitution, illegal gambling, gang wars, assassi-
organised crime nation, murder, anything to make money
12. organised crime offender= the members of the organisation wanting mon-
analysis ey
victims= anyone/vunrable/rivals
crime or deviant= both/high levels of deviance
public awareness= medium
13. what are hate individual crimes
crimes, honour
crimes, and do-
mestic abuse
classified as
14. definition of indi- a crime committed by an individual for their incentive
vidual crime
15. Honour crime ex- banaz mahod was strangled and buried in a suitcase
ample under Birmingham in 2016 after her father and uncle
planned her death for leaving an unhappy marriage and
starting a new relationship with another man
16. honour crime offenders= family
analysis victim= family
public awareness= low
crime or deviant= both
17. hate crime analy- offender= anyone, particularly if they have prejudice
sis victim= someone with particular characteristics
public awareness= high
criminal or deviant= both
18. what is state crime committed by the state/government heads
crime
, CRIMINOLOGY: UNIT 1 UP TO AC 2.2 AND UNIT 2 UP
TO AC 3.2 WRITE UP MODEL ANSWER
19. examples of state genocide, war crimes, killing a hostage etc
crime
20. technological Use of any form of technology in committing a crime
crime
21. examples of tech- e-crime, email scams, identity theft, social network
nological crime scams
22. personal reasons fear
why people do shame
not report crime disinterested
not affected
23. social and cultur- lack of knowledge
al complexity
lack of media interest
kack of public concern
culture bound crime
24. What are the cat- Personal, Social, Cultural
egories of reason
people don't re-
port
crime?
25. Why might com- May not be fully understood by general public, some
plexity be a rea- crimes
son for not report- are hard to prove. They may not know on how to report
ing crime
crime?
26. consequences of It limits the deterrent capability of the criminal justice
unreported system, It contributes to the misallocation of police re-
crime? sources.
27. what does ripple The impact of crime can spread beyond the immediate
effect mean victim throughout his or her family, friends, and commu-
nity.
, criminology: unit 1 up to ac 2.2 and unit 2 up to ac 3.2
28. Cultural Differ- Sometimes there are cultural differences that make ac-
ences tions criminal in one country and not another. A lack of
knowledge regarding cultural differences can lead to any
number of
unfortunate inter-cultural incidents.
29. how can unre- An important part of making sure limited public resources
ported crime af- are used wisely, and allows police to reflect the desires of
fect Police Priori- the people they serve. Crime data is one of the methods
tisation used to identify policing priorities in an area. So if crimes
are not reported, they will not become a police priority.
30. why does decrim- Laws are frequently altered because they cannot be
inalisation occur imposed
or enforced.
31. what can cause There is a lack of public interest in a crime, leading to the
decriminalisation underreporting of the crime, and therefore, the law can
not be imposed or enforced effectively.
32. Broken Windows Wilson and Kelling's theory that a neighborhood in disre-
Theory pair signals that criminal activity is tolerated in the area.
By cracking down on quality-of-life crimes, police can
reclaim the neighborhood and encourage law-abiding
citizens to live and work there.
33. local effects Depopulation as people move away because they do not
of unreported feel safe at home. Loss of community spirit and result in
crimes less neighbourliness. People try and stay low to avoid
trouble so they become isolated. This will lead to poverty
in the area as businesses and jobs go away.The area can
be labelled as a 'sink area' so anyone who lives there will
be discriminated against in future or seen as part of the
crime.
34. Social effects of Certain social groups are isolated from society. Groups
unreported crime become polarised so those who are a member of the
hate group may support each other, whereas other peo-
ple distance themselves. At its worst, it can lead to geno-
cide of certain groups of people (e.g. the Holocaust -
