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PHIL 101: FINAL EXAM (JMU -
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YATES) EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED /
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VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE
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, Rousseau's personal concern - ANS Inequality and government (how to balance individual
freedoms within the good things in government)
When Rousseau focuses on 'Nature as Basis for Morality', what is he NOT talking about? -
ANS God and the principles of human reason
When Rousseau focuses on 'Nature as Basis for Morality', what IS he talking about? - ANS
Human nature as selfish in a good way, a naturally good kind of self interest
Humanity's goal according to Rousseau - ANS To be a good person
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Rousseau says that in our human nature, three things intersect - ANS What we think, what
we do, and how we act
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What does Rousseau say about how humans are shaped by society? - ANS We are born
potentially good but society usually shapes us for the bad
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Does Rousseau think people can be inherently evil? - ANS
What comes first, natural feelings or acquired ideas? - ANS
No
Natural feelings
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What are ideas? - ANS Reasoned principles; they build on feelings and then guide actions
Who created the social contract? - ANS Rousseau
The social contract - ANS A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and
welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules.
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The social contract is the convergence of what? (Moving from what to what) - ANS Individual
liberty and general will; moving from natural order to social order
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"Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains" - ANS Rousseau
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The puzzle of the social contract - ANS How to be free, moral individuals AND obey laws that
guide us as people
When Rousseau says we are forced to be free, he means... - ANS We are commanded by
laws and authorities, but for the sake of our own liberty and preservation
What does Rousseau say about reasoning together? - ANS This will help OR hinder each
person's chance at freedom
How does liberty stay on course in transition from the state of nature to the civil state? - ANS
It is still there, it just shifts contexts; you lose the purity of nature, but not the point of conscience