NUR 4445 Hematologic System
1. Iron-deficiency anemia etiology
Answer
Most common anemia in children
Most common nutritional deficiency in children
Cognitive & motor deficits are risk
All screened at 9-12 months
-Annually after 12 months
-If suspicion
2. those at risk for Iron-deficiency anemia
Answer
Premature infants Infants fed formula that is not iron fortified
Infants exclusively breastfed > 4 months
-17 oz of formula per day = no supplement needed
-1 mg/kg/day PO Ferrous Sulfate or Poly-Vi-Sol
Teenage girls
3. Iron-deficiency anemia prevention
Answer
Red meat, shellfish, grains, quinoa, dark leafy greens, poultry, dried fruits, egg yolks, broccoli,
legumes/lentils
Vitamin C - helps body absorb iron more effectively
4. Iron-deficiency anemia treatment
Answer
Ferrous sulfate 3-6 mg/kg/day of elemental iron divided bid
-Give on an empty stomach with citrus
, -Use a straw to prevent staining of teeth
-Side effects
nausea, constipation, green, tarry stools, GI upset, vomiting, staining teeth
Treat for 3-6 months
-Recheck hgb about 6 weeks after treatment is started
5. Sickle cell disease definition
Answer
Autosomal recessive disorder
6. Sickle cell disease patho
Answer
Abnormal sickle Hgb S (hgbS) replaces normal adult Hgb (HgbA)
Sickled cells are irregular in shape, stiff, & die after only 10-20 days Anemia due to lower
number of RBC & increased destruction
7. Sickle cell disease patho of complications
Answer
Triggers such as stress, infection, dehydration can cause sickling
Once sickled, RBCs cause tissue ischemia & infarction, result in pain Eventually can cause
damage to tissues and organs.
Functional asplenia due to spleen being clogged with sickled cells.
8. Sickle cell disease diagnosis
Answer
CVS or amniocentesis is possible prenatally
Newborn screening at birth - false positive if high fetal Hgb at birth Hemoglobin electrophoresis
1. Iron-deficiency anemia etiology
Answer
Most common anemia in children
Most common nutritional deficiency in children
Cognitive & motor deficits are risk
All screened at 9-12 months
-Annually after 12 months
-If suspicion
2. those at risk for Iron-deficiency anemia
Answer
Premature infants Infants fed formula that is not iron fortified
Infants exclusively breastfed > 4 months
-17 oz of formula per day = no supplement needed
-1 mg/kg/day PO Ferrous Sulfate or Poly-Vi-Sol
Teenage girls
3. Iron-deficiency anemia prevention
Answer
Red meat, shellfish, grains, quinoa, dark leafy greens, poultry, dried fruits, egg yolks, broccoli,
legumes/lentils
Vitamin C - helps body absorb iron more effectively
4. Iron-deficiency anemia treatment
Answer
Ferrous sulfate 3-6 mg/kg/day of elemental iron divided bid
-Give on an empty stomach with citrus
, -Use a straw to prevent staining of teeth
-Side effects
nausea, constipation, green, tarry stools, GI upset, vomiting, staining teeth
Treat for 3-6 months
-Recheck hgb about 6 weeks after treatment is started
5. Sickle cell disease definition
Answer
Autosomal recessive disorder
6. Sickle cell disease patho
Answer
Abnormal sickle Hgb S (hgbS) replaces normal adult Hgb (HgbA)
Sickled cells are irregular in shape, stiff, & die after only 10-20 days Anemia due to lower
number of RBC & increased destruction
7. Sickle cell disease patho of complications
Answer
Triggers such as stress, infection, dehydration can cause sickling
Once sickled, RBCs cause tissue ischemia & infarction, result in pain Eventually can cause
damage to tissues and organs.
Functional asplenia due to spleen being clogged with sickled cells.
8. Sickle cell disease diagnosis
Answer
CVS or amniocentesis is possible prenatally
Newborn screening at birth - false positive if high fetal Hgb at birth Hemoglobin electrophoresis
