NUR 426 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2024 - Verified

NUR 426 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2024 - Verified What does ST elevation indicate? Blockage in the heart- MI NonSTEMI vs STEMI Stemi results from complete and prolonged occlusion of an epicardial coronary blood vessel and is defined based on an ECG NonStemi- results from severe coronary artery narrowing, transient occlusion, or microembolization of thrombus Cardiac Tamponade develops as the pericardial effusion volume increases and compresses the heart Pt reports chest pain, confused, anxious and restless. Decrease CO, muffled heart sounds narrow pulse pressure tachypnea and tachycardia. Pulsus Paradoxus: if present large decrease in Systolic BP during inspiration What diagnosis a cardiac tamponade? Echocardiogram pericardiocentesis surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the sac surrounding the heart- can be completed with an acute cardiac tamponade and pericardial effusion A STEMI is an emergency situation. Pericarditis pain increases with inspiration and the pain subsides when the pt sits up and leans forward but is worse when they lay down. Pericarditis places the pt at risk for developing what condition? Cardiac tamponade and decreased CO What do nurses do first for pts with sickle cell 1st Give O2 to prevent hypoxia and control sickling Fluids are also administered to reduce blood viscosity and maintain renal profusion Priapism is managed with pain medications and fluids Any febrile illness in a pt with SCD is an emergency What is the most common illness in pts with SCD? Pneumonia What are normal HGB and HCT? HGB Female 12-16 HGB Men 14-18 HCT Female 37-47 HCT Males: 42-52 Be able to identify purpura, petechia Site of bone marrow aspiration? posterior iliac crest Post bone marrow aspiration who should the pt be positioned Supine for 30-60 minutes What defines mild anemia? Mild: Hgb (10-12) may be asymptomatic- if symptoms develop it may be from an underlying condition or a compensatory response to heavy exercise (palpitations, dyspnea, and mild fatigue) What defines moderate anemia? Moderate: Hgb (6-10) increase in cardiopulmonary symptoms. Pt. may have them while resting as well as with activity. What defines severe anemia? Severe: Hgb less than 6, pt. has many manifestations multiple body systems. (skin: pallor, jaundice, itching) What defines aplastic anemia? Aplastic: decrease of all blood cell types- RBCs, WBCs, and platelets) Fatigue, dyspnea, susceptible to infection (due to neutropenia), risk for shock and death, Thrombocytopenia can lead to bleeding (petechia, bruising, nosebleeds) What defines iron deficiency anemia? Iron deficiency: may develop from inadequate diet, malabsorption, blood loss, or hemolysis. Pallor, glossitis (inflammation of tongue), cheilitis (inflammation of lips), may report headache, paresthesia, and a burning sensation on tongue. When to take iron supplements? Iron should be taken 1 hour before meals Vit C enhanced absorption Some IV and IM iron preparations have a risk for allergic reactions so monitor the pt accordingly