NRSG 106- Pharmacology-Chapter 39-NCLEX Review Questions and Answers

NRSG 106- Pharmacology-Chapter 39-NCLEX Review Questions and Answers What statement indicates to the nurse that the patient needs additional instruction about antihypertensive treatment? ANSWER "I will check my blood pressure daily and take my medication when it is over 140/90." Antihypertensive medications need to be taken routinely to maintain a normotensive state and prevent occurrence of complications. Many patients do not adhere to this regimen because hypertension itself does not cause symptoms, whereas the medication can cause some untoward effects. Patient teaching is essential. If the patient indicates that he will take rest periods and change positions slowly to avoid orthostatic hypotension, he is demonstrating compliance with the treatment regimen. A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and develops a dry, nonproductive cough. What is the nurse's priority action? ANSWER Call the health care provider to switch the medication. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors prevent the breakdown of bradykinin, frequently causing a nonproductive cough. Angiotensin receptor blocking agents do not block this breakdown, thus minimizing this annoying side effect. The patient should be switched to a different medication if the side effect cannot be tolerated. The nurse is reviewing a medication history on a patient taking an ACE inhibitor. The nurse plans to contact the health care provider if the patient is also taking which medication? ANSWER Spironolactone ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, thus also blocking the stimulus for aldosterone production. Aldosterone is responsible for potassium excretion—