D115 NURS 5800
Advanced Pathophysiology
OA READINESS EXAM
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. A patient presents with symptoms of chronic fatigue,
joint pain, and a butterfly-shaped rash on her face. Which
condition is most likely indicated by these symptoms?
A) Rheumatoid Arthritis
B) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Fibromyalgia
Answer: B) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Rationale: The butterfly-shaped rash along with joint
pain is characteristic of SLE, an autoimmune disease
commonly seen in females.
2. Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in
Parkinson’s disease?
A) Serotonin
B) Dopamine
C) Epinephrine
D) Acetylcholine
Answer: B) Dopamine
Rationale: Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the
degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the
substantia nigra.
3. During a psychotic episode in schizophrenia, what is the
most likely neurotransmitter imbalance?
A) Increased norepinephrine
©2024/2025
, B) Decreased dopamine
C) Increased dopamine
D) Decreased serotonin
Answer: C) Increased dopamine
Rationale: Schizophrenia is often associated with
hyperactivity in the dopaminergic pathways.
4. Which part of the brain is primarily associated with
emotional regulation and is often affected in anxiety
disorders?
A) Hippocampus
B) Amygdala
C) Prefrontal Cortex
D) Cerebellum
Answer: B) Amygdala
Rationale: The amygdala plays a pivotal role in
processing emotions, particularly fear and anxiety.
5. What is the pathophysiological hallmark of Alzheimer’s
disease?
A) Neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques
B) Demyelination of neurons
C) Loss of motor neurons
D) Increased intracranial pressure
Answer: A) Neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques
Rationale: Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the
accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
in the brain.
©2024/2025
Advanced Pathophysiology
OA READINESS EXAM
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. A patient presents with symptoms of chronic fatigue,
joint pain, and a butterfly-shaped rash on her face. Which
condition is most likely indicated by these symptoms?
A) Rheumatoid Arthritis
B) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Fibromyalgia
Answer: B) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Rationale: The butterfly-shaped rash along with joint
pain is characteristic of SLE, an autoimmune disease
commonly seen in females.
2. Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in
Parkinson’s disease?
A) Serotonin
B) Dopamine
C) Epinephrine
D) Acetylcholine
Answer: B) Dopamine
Rationale: Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the
degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the
substantia nigra.
3. During a psychotic episode in schizophrenia, what is the
most likely neurotransmitter imbalance?
A) Increased norepinephrine
©2024/2025
, B) Decreased dopamine
C) Increased dopamine
D) Decreased serotonin
Answer: C) Increased dopamine
Rationale: Schizophrenia is often associated with
hyperactivity in the dopaminergic pathways.
4. Which part of the brain is primarily associated with
emotional regulation and is often affected in anxiety
disorders?
A) Hippocampus
B) Amygdala
C) Prefrontal Cortex
D) Cerebellum
Answer: B) Amygdala
Rationale: The amygdala plays a pivotal role in
processing emotions, particularly fear and anxiety.
5. What is the pathophysiological hallmark of Alzheimer’s
disease?
A) Neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques
B) Demyelination of neurons
C) Loss of motor neurons
D) Increased intracranial pressure
Answer: A) Neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques
Rationale: Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the
accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
in the brain.
©2024/2025
