BMS 301 EXAM WITH IN-DEPTH QUESTIONS & MODEL
ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE)
4 Processes that make up Respiration CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1. Pulmonary ventilation
(breathing)
2. External respiration (movement of O2 from lungs into blood; CO2 from blood to lungs)
3. Transport of respiratory gases in the blood
4. Internal respiration (movement of O2 from blood into tissue cells; CO2 from cells into blood)
External Respiration CORRECT ANSWER>>>>level at lungs: from lung O2 to blood, or
blood CO2 to lungs
Internal Respiration CORRECT ANSWER>>>>level at tissues: O2 from blood into tissue;
CO2 from tissues into blood
what are the critical components of homeostatic regulation of body pH? CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>kidneys and lungs
When the diaphragm contracts do we increase or decrease the volume in the thoracic cavity?
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>increase
,the conducting zone is divisions ________ and is where _________ CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>1-19 ; air is conditioned
the respiratory zone is divisions _______ and is where ____________ CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>20-23 ; gas is exchanged
Functions of the Conducting Zone CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1. low resistance air-way for
airflow
2. Defense/Protection
3. Warms and Moistens air
4. contains vocal cords
Which respiration steps occur by diffusion and which by bulk flow? CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Bulk Flow: Ventilation and the transport of the respiratory gases
Diffusion: the exchange of O2 and CO2 between alveolar air and blood in the lung capillaries,
and the exchange of those gases in tissue capillaries and cells
Between breaths at the end of an unforced expiration, in what directions do the lungs and chest
wall tend to move? What prevents them from doing so? CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The
lungs tend to recoil inward, and the chest wall tends to move out or expand. The resultant
subatmospheric intrapleural pressure keeps the lungs partially expanded and the chest wall
partially compressed between breaths.
(T/F) the trachea cannot bronchodilate or constrict. CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
,(T/F) Divisions 20-23 are all alveoli CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
process of conditioning air in the conducting zone CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1. warm air
to temperate of 37 degrees C
2. adds water vapor ( 100% humidity in alveoli)
3. filters foreign material to keep out of sacs
(T/F) Branching is a mechanism of filtering in the lungs to keep foreign material out of the
alveoli. CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
Mucociliary Escalator CORRECT ANSWER>>>>cilia and mucus work together to keep
foreign particles out of the alveoli
upper tract move the debris down and the lower tract move the debris up to the pharnyx to
swallow the debris
(T/F) When you smoke a cigarette, the cilia get paralyzed for 20 mins potentially causing
bronchitis, sinus infections, etc. CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
Respiratory Zone-Gas Exchange CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Braches 20-23
Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs (clusters of alveoli)
Site of Gas Exchange: The Alveoli CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The alveoli are tiny, hollow
sacs whose open ends are continuous with the lumen of the airways.
, Extremely large surface area 70-75 m2
Allows for a very high diffusion rate
In some of the alveolar walls, pores permit the flow of air between alveoli.
(T/F) the small surface area of the alveoli allow for a high rate of gas exchange. CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>False. The LARGE surface area allows for this
If the distance increases between the capillaries and the alveoli, the diffusion rate
significantly____________. CORRECT ANSWER>>>>decreases
What could increasing the distance between capillaries and alveoli cause? CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Edema
Type 1 Alveoli CORRECT ANSWER>>>>-are the most abundant
-structure
-gas exchange
Type 2 Alveoli CORRECT ANSWER>>>>-1-2% of structure
-make surfactant: lubricates the lungs and decrease surface tension
P = 2T / R CORRECT ANSWER>>>>*in order to keep the smaller alveoli (smaller radius)
from collapsing, we need a larger pressure inside the pulmonary system WITHOUT surfactant
ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE)
4 Processes that make up Respiration CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1. Pulmonary ventilation
(breathing)
2. External respiration (movement of O2 from lungs into blood; CO2 from blood to lungs)
3. Transport of respiratory gases in the blood
4. Internal respiration (movement of O2 from blood into tissue cells; CO2 from cells into blood)
External Respiration CORRECT ANSWER>>>>level at lungs: from lung O2 to blood, or
blood CO2 to lungs
Internal Respiration CORRECT ANSWER>>>>level at tissues: O2 from blood into tissue;
CO2 from tissues into blood
what are the critical components of homeostatic regulation of body pH? CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>kidneys and lungs
When the diaphragm contracts do we increase or decrease the volume in the thoracic cavity?
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>increase
,the conducting zone is divisions ________ and is where _________ CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>1-19 ; air is conditioned
the respiratory zone is divisions _______ and is where ____________ CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>20-23 ; gas is exchanged
Functions of the Conducting Zone CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1. low resistance air-way for
airflow
2. Defense/Protection
3. Warms and Moistens air
4. contains vocal cords
Which respiration steps occur by diffusion and which by bulk flow? CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Bulk Flow: Ventilation and the transport of the respiratory gases
Diffusion: the exchange of O2 and CO2 between alveolar air and blood in the lung capillaries,
and the exchange of those gases in tissue capillaries and cells
Between breaths at the end of an unforced expiration, in what directions do the lungs and chest
wall tend to move? What prevents them from doing so? CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The
lungs tend to recoil inward, and the chest wall tends to move out or expand. The resultant
subatmospheric intrapleural pressure keeps the lungs partially expanded and the chest wall
partially compressed between breaths.
(T/F) the trachea cannot bronchodilate or constrict. CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
,(T/F) Divisions 20-23 are all alveoli CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
process of conditioning air in the conducting zone CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1. warm air
to temperate of 37 degrees C
2. adds water vapor ( 100% humidity in alveoli)
3. filters foreign material to keep out of sacs
(T/F) Branching is a mechanism of filtering in the lungs to keep foreign material out of the
alveoli. CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
Mucociliary Escalator CORRECT ANSWER>>>>cilia and mucus work together to keep
foreign particles out of the alveoli
upper tract move the debris down and the lower tract move the debris up to the pharnyx to
swallow the debris
(T/F) When you smoke a cigarette, the cilia get paralyzed for 20 mins potentially causing
bronchitis, sinus infections, etc. CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
Respiratory Zone-Gas Exchange CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Braches 20-23
Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs (clusters of alveoli)
Site of Gas Exchange: The Alveoli CORRECT ANSWER>>>>The alveoli are tiny, hollow
sacs whose open ends are continuous with the lumen of the airways.
, Extremely large surface area 70-75 m2
Allows for a very high diffusion rate
In some of the alveolar walls, pores permit the flow of air between alveoli.
(T/F) the small surface area of the alveoli allow for a high rate of gas exchange. CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>False. The LARGE surface area allows for this
If the distance increases between the capillaries and the alveoli, the diffusion rate
significantly____________. CORRECT ANSWER>>>>decreases
What could increasing the distance between capillaries and alveoli cause? CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Edema
Type 1 Alveoli CORRECT ANSWER>>>>-are the most abundant
-structure
-gas exchange
Type 2 Alveoli CORRECT ANSWER>>>>-1-2% of structure
-make surfactant: lubricates the lungs and decrease surface tension
P = 2T / R CORRECT ANSWER>>>>*in order to keep the smaller alveoli (smaller radius)
from collapsing, we need a larger pressure inside the pulmonary system WITHOUT surfactant
