Pharm 315 Practice Test Questions With Complete Solutions
A 43-year-old female client is receiving thyroid replacement
hormone following a thyroidectomy. Which adverse effects
associated with thyroid hormone toxicity should the nurse
instruct the client to report promptly to the healthcare provider?
Tinnitus and dizziness.
Tachycardia and chest pain.
Dry skin and intolerance to cold.
Weight gain and increased appetite. Correct Answer
Tachycardia and chest pain..
Rationale
Thyroid replacement hormone increases the metabolic rate of all
tissues, so common signs and symptoms of toxicity include
tachycardia and chest pain.
A category X drug is prescribed for a young adult female client.
Which instruction is most important for the nurse to teach this
client?
Use a reliable form of birth control.
Avoid exposure to ultra violet light.
Refuse this medication if planning pregnancy.
Abstain from intercourse while on this drug. Correct Answer
Use a reliable form of birth control.
Rationale
Drugs classified in the category X, place a client who is in the
first trimester of pregnancy at risk for teratogenesis, so women
in the childbearing years should be counseled to use a reliable
form of birth control during drug therapy. If the client is
planning to become pregnant, she should be encouraged to
discuss plans for pregnancy with the healthcare provider, so a
,safer alternative prescription can be provided if pregnancy
occurs.
A client asks the nurse if glipizide is an oral insulin. Which
response should the nurse provide?
"Yes, it is an oral insulin and has the same actions and properties
as intermediate insulin."
"Yes, it is an oral insulin and is distributed, metabolized, and
excreted in the same manner as insulin."
"No, it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some
beta cell function is present."
"No, it is not an oral insulin, but it is effective for those who are
resistant to injectable insulins." Correct Answer "No, it is not
an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell
function is present.""
Rationale
An effective oral form of insulin has not yet been developed
because when insulin is taken orally, it is destroyed by digestive
enzymes. Glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic agent that enhances
pancreatic production of insulin.
A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine and an IV of
sodium chloride at 50 mL/hour. The nurse notes that the client's
urinary output has been 20 mL/hour for the last two hours.
Which intervention should the nurse initiate?
Stop the infusion of dopamine.
Change the sodium chloride to a keep open rate.
Replace the urinary catheter.
Notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output. Correct
Answer Notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output.
Rationale
,The main effect of dopamine is adrenergic stimulation used to
increase cardiac output, which should also result in increased
urinary output. Urinary output of less than 20 mL/hour is
oliguria and should be reported to the healthcare provider, so the
dose of dopamine can be adjusted. Depending on the current rate
of administration, the dose may need to be increased or
decreased.
A client has myxedema, which results from a deficiency of
thyroid hormone synthesis in adults. Which medication would
be contraindicated for this client?
Liothyronine to replace iodine.
Furosemide for relief of fluid retention.
Phentobarbital sodium for sleep.
Nitroglycerin for angina pain. Correct Answer .
Phentobarbital sodium for sleep.
Rationale
Persons with myxedema are dangerously hypersensitive to
narcotics, barbiturates, and anesthetics.
A client is admitted to the coronary care unit with a medical
diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Which medication
prescription decreases both preload and afterload?
Nitroglycerin.
Propranolol.
Morphine.
Captopril. Correct Answer Nitroglycerin.
Rationale
Nitroglycerin is a nitrate that causes peripheral vasodilation and
decreases contractility, thereby decreasing both preload and
afterload.
, A client is admitted to the hospital for diagnostic testing for
possible myasthenia gravis. The nurse prepares for intravenous
administration of edrophonium chloride. What is the expected
outcome for this client following the administration of this
pharmacologic agent?
Progressive difficulty with swallowing.
Decreased respiratory effort.
Improvement in generalized fatigue.
Decreased muscle weakness. Correct Answer Decreased
muscle weakness.
Rationale
Administration of edrophonium chloride, a cholinergic agent,
will temporarily reduce muscle weakness, the most common
complaint of newly-diagnosed clients with myasthenia gravis.
This medication is used to diagnose myasthenia gravis due to its
short duration of action. This drug would temporarily reverse
difficulty in swallowing and respiratory effort.
A client is being treated for hyperthyroidism with
propylthiouracil. The nurse knows that the action of this drug is
to?
Decrease the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating
in the blood.
Increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating
in the blood.
Increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3
produced by the thyroid.
Inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland. Correct
Answer Inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland.
Rationale
A 43-year-old female client is receiving thyroid replacement
hormone following a thyroidectomy. Which adverse effects
associated with thyroid hormone toxicity should the nurse
instruct the client to report promptly to the healthcare provider?
Tinnitus and dizziness.
Tachycardia and chest pain.
Dry skin and intolerance to cold.
Weight gain and increased appetite. Correct Answer
Tachycardia and chest pain..
Rationale
Thyroid replacement hormone increases the metabolic rate of all
tissues, so common signs and symptoms of toxicity include
tachycardia and chest pain.
A category X drug is prescribed for a young adult female client.
Which instruction is most important for the nurse to teach this
client?
Use a reliable form of birth control.
Avoid exposure to ultra violet light.
Refuse this medication if planning pregnancy.
Abstain from intercourse while on this drug. Correct Answer
Use a reliable form of birth control.
Rationale
Drugs classified in the category X, place a client who is in the
first trimester of pregnancy at risk for teratogenesis, so women
in the childbearing years should be counseled to use a reliable
form of birth control during drug therapy. If the client is
planning to become pregnant, she should be encouraged to
discuss plans for pregnancy with the healthcare provider, so a
,safer alternative prescription can be provided if pregnancy
occurs.
A client asks the nurse if glipizide is an oral insulin. Which
response should the nurse provide?
"Yes, it is an oral insulin and has the same actions and properties
as intermediate insulin."
"Yes, it is an oral insulin and is distributed, metabolized, and
excreted in the same manner as insulin."
"No, it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some
beta cell function is present."
"No, it is not an oral insulin, but it is effective for those who are
resistant to injectable insulins." Correct Answer "No, it is not
an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell
function is present.""
Rationale
An effective oral form of insulin has not yet been developed
because when insulin is taken orally, it is destroyed by digestive
enzymes. Glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic agent that enhances
pancreatic production of insulin.
A client has a continuous IV infusion of dopamine and an IV of
sodium chloride at 50 mL/hour. The nurse notes that the client's
urinary output has been 20 mL/hour for the last two hours.
Which intervention should the nurse initiate?
Stop the infusion of dopamine.
Change the sodium chloride to a keep open rate.
Replace the urinary catheter.
Notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output. Correct
Answer Notify the healthcare provider of the urinary output.
Rationale
,The main effect of dopamine is adrenergic stimulation used to
increase cardiac output, which should also result in increased
urinary output. Urinary output of less than 20 mL/hour is
oliguria and should be reported to the healthcare provider, so the
dose of dopamine can be adjusted. Depending on the current rate
of administration, the dose may need to be increased or
decreased.
A client has myxedema, which results from a deficiency of
thyroid hormone synthesis in adults. Which medication would
be contraindicated for this client?
Liothyronine to replace iodine.
Furosemide for relief of fluid retention.
Phentobarbital sodium for sleep.
Nitroglycerin for angina pain. Correct Answer .
Phentobarbital sodium for sleep.
Rationale
Persons with myxedema are dangerously hypersensitive to
narcotics, barbiturates, and anesthetics.
A client is admitted to the coronary care unit with a medical
diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Which medication
prescription decreases both preload and afterload?
Nitroglycerin.
Propranolol.
Morphine.
Captopril. Correct Answer Nitroglycerin.
Rationale
Nitroglycerin is a nitrate that causes peripheral vasodilation and
decreases contractility, thereby decreasing both preload and
afterload.
, A client is admitted to the hospital for diagnostic testing for
possible myasthenia gravis. The nurse prepares for intravenous
administration of edrophonium chloride. What is the expected
outcome for this client following the administration of this
pharmacologic agent?
Progressive difficulty with swallowing.
Decreased respiratory effort.
Improvement in generalized fatigue.
Decreased muscle weakness. Correct Answer Decreased
muscle weakness.
Rationale
Administration of edrophonium chloride, a cholinergic agent,
will temporarily reduce muscle weakness, the most common
complaint of newly-diagnosed clients with myasthenia gravis.
This medication is used to diagnose myasthenia gravis due to its
short duration of action. This drug would temporarily reverse
difficulty in swallowing and respiratory effort.
A client is being treated for hyperthyroidism with
propylthiouracil. The nurse knows that the action of this drug is
to?
Decrease the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating
in the blood.
Increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating
in the blood.
Increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3
produced by the thyroid.
Inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland. Correct
Answer Inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland.
Rationale
