WGU C963 - Objective Assessment Superset NEWEST WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

WGU C963 - Objective Assessment
Superset NEWEST WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION
Major contributors to social contract theory - Hobbes, Locke, Reasseau
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Social Contract Theory - We need food, clothing and shelter to survive and nothing
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should interfere with our ability to obtain them. We may also choose to believe in a god.
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The belief gives definition to our existance. Therefore it is important we define ourselves
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as individuals.
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Enlightenment Influence on Constitution - Bill of Rights and the Second Amendment,
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Ninth Amendment
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II Bill of Rights (Enlightenment) - The first eight Bill of Rights
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Declaration of Independence (Enlightenment) - people have rights of life, liberty, and the
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pursuit of happiness
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Articles of Confederation weaknesses - No executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no
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power to regulate trade
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Articles of Confederation - Strengths - Provided direction for the Revolution, the ability to
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conduct diplomacy with Europe, and deal with territorial issues and Native American
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relations.
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New Jersey Plan - The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called for equal
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representation of each state in Congress regardless of the state's population.
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II Virginia Plan - Proposal to create a strong national government
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Constitutional Convention - A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new
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constitution
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Three-Fifths compromise - Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a
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person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation
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purposes (negated by the 13th amendment). Bicameral congress.
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Checks and Balances - A system that allows each branch of government to limit the
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powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
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, Separation of Powers - Constitutional division of powers among the legislative,
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executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive
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applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law
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Federalists - A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during ratification
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debates in state legislatures.
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II Anti-Federalists - Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states II II II II II II II II II II II II II II



II were contemplating its adoption.
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Ratifying the Constitution - Article VII, 9 out of 13 states had to agree, it was ratified at
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state conventions
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Federalist #10 (factions) - Elites can never take over rule of the government due to too
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many factions.
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II Federalist #51 (Madison) - Separation of powers, checks and balances
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II Separations of Powers - The division of the federal government into three branches each
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II with its own powers
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Government Branches - Three sections of the US government: legislative, executive,
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and judicial. Each branch has powers that restrict the other branches powers.
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How are laws made and enforced using the separation of powers - Congress originates
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laws
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Judicial branch reviews laws for constitutionality
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Executive branch enforces laws II II II




II system of checks and balances - Constitutional system in which each branch of
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II government places limits on the power of other branches II II II II II II II II




Several checks the judicial branch has on the legislative and executive branches -
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Executive:
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Can overturn actions of the president with judicial review if the actions violate the
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Constitution
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Serve during good behavior to maintain independence of judiciary
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Legislative:
Can overturn acts of Congress as unconstitutional if they violate the law
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Can influence laws by interpretation
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