Chem 103 Lab Prep Comprehensive
Questions with Correct Answers Updated
and Accurate
7 diatomic elements - Answer H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases - Answer
amu number is equal to the atomic mass number of an atom - Answer yay
Angstrom - Answer A
10^10 A = 1 m
10 billion A in 1 meter
Another common reaction occurs when acid is added to many solid metals. Theproducts are an aqueous
salt, hydrogen gas, and energy
Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → MgCl 2(aq) + H 2(g) - Answer Reactants:
Mg, in elemental form, has oxidation number 0
H + ion has oxidation number +1
Cl - ion has oxidation number −1
Product:
Mg 2+ ion has oxidation number +2
Cl - ion has oxidation number −1
H 2, in elemental form, has oxidation number 0
Approximate ratio of atom radius to nucleus radius - Answer 20,000:1
Assign oxidation numbers to atoms of reactants and products - Answer Assign oxidation numbers
to atoms of reactants and products: N 2(g) + 3 H2(g) → 2 NH3(g)
Reactants: N 2, H 2
By rule #1: N and H have oxidation number 0
,Product: NH3
By rule #4: H has oxidation number +1
By rule #7: N has oxidation number −3
Atoms of many main-group metals lose enough electrons to leave them with the same number of
electrons as an atom of the preceding noble gas. - Answer When atoms of nonmetal elements
form ions, they generally gain enough electrons to give them the same number of electrons as an atom
of the next noble gas in the periodic table.
Atoms with larger radii/less oppositional charges.. - Answer weaker covalent bonds, require less
energy to break bonds (lower melting point) because farther apart or charges not as intense
Atoms with smaller radii/more oppositional charges... - Answer Have stronger covalent bonds
and require more energy to be broken because they are closer together and exerting more force, or have
stronger attraction due to charges
Beginning of SI Units
Units can be length (meters), volume (liters), and mass (grams) - Answer Yay
Binary compound names: Cation first, then anion with the end -ide - Answer woo
Binary Molecular compounds - Answer Binary compounds contain two different non-metal
elements.
-Name elements in formula order.
- The 2nd element's name ends in "-ide"
-Prefixes show the number of each atom present
Can both strong and weak acids light up a light bulb? - Answer Yes, both strong and weak acids
can light up a light bulb because both ionize in solutions.
Can strong acids go back to the reactants before? - Answer No, strong acids cannot go back to the
reactants before.
centi - Answer c
10^2 cm = 1 m
100 centimeters in 1 meter
Chemical changes - Answer Bonds breaking, combustion, new substances form. Produces new
kinds of matter
, Columb's Law - Answer The higher the charges, the more force. F=K(q1q2/d2) (D=Distance, Q=
Charge of 2 objects, K= Proportionality constant)
Conversion of amu to g - Answer 1 amu = 1.66 × 10-24 g
Conversion of amu to kg - Answer 1 amu = 1.66 × 10-27 kg
Definition of amu - Answer mass of one 12 C atom = 12 amu
Do strong acids completely ionize? - Answer Yes, strong acids completely ionize in water.
Do strong bases completely ionize? - Answer Yes, strong bases completely ionize in water.
Do weak acids completely ionize? - Answer No, weak acids only partially ionize in water.
Do weak bases completely ionize? - Answer No, weak bases only partially ionize in water.
Does density depend on the amount of matter present? - Answer No
Gas phase - Answer Molecules far apart and move a lot.
Give an example of a monatomic compound. - Answer K2O: potassium oxide.
Give an example of a reaction between a metal carbonate and an acid. - Answer CaCO3 (s) + 2
HCl(aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2 (g)
Give an example of a reaction between a metal sulfide and an acid. - Answer Na2S (s) + 2 HCl(aq)
→ 2 NaCl(aq) + H2S (g)
Give an example of a reaction between a metal sulfite and an acid. - Answer CaSO3 (s) + 2 HCl(aq)
→ CaCl2 (aq) + H2O(l) + SO2 (g)
Give examples of pure elements with an oxidation number of 0. - Answer Zn, O2, I2, S8
How are atoms arranged in compounds? - Answer They consist of a fixed ratio of atoms that are
held together in a defined spatial arrangement by chemical bonds.
How are ionic compounds symbolized? - Answer By a formula indicating the relative numbers of
its constituent ions.
How are ions in an ionic substance held together? - Answer By electrostatic attractions, balancing
positive and negative charges.
How are molecules in a molecular substance held together? - Answer By sharing electrons
through covalent bonds.
How are monatomic anions named? - Answer Using the name of the non-metal plus "-ide".
How are monatomic cations named? - Answer Using the name of the metal.
Questions with Correct Answers Updated
and Accurate
7 diatomic elements - Answer H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases - Answer
amu number is equal to the atomic mass number of an atom - Answer yay
Angstrom - Answer A
10^10 A = 1 m
10 billion A in 1 meter
Another common reaction occurs when acid is added to many solid metals. Theproducts are an aqueous
salt, hydrogen gas, and energy
Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → MgCl 2(aq) + H 2(g) - Answer Reactants:
Mg, in elemental form, has oxidation number 0
H + ion has oxidation number +1
Cl - ion has oxidation number −1
Product:
Mg 2+ ion has oxidation number +2
Cl - ion has oxidation number −1
H 2, in elemental form, has oxidation number 0
Approximate ratio of atom radius to nucleus radius - Answer 20,000:1
Assign oxidation numbers to atoms of reactants and products - Answer Assign oxidation numbers
to atoms of reactants and products: N 2(g) + 3 H2(g) → 2 NH3(g)
Reactants: N 2, H 2
By rule #1: N and H have oxidation number 0
,Product: NH3
By rule #4: H has oxidation number +1
By rule #7: N has oxidation number −3
Atoms of many main-group metals lose enough electrons to leave them with the same number of
electrons as an atom of the preceding noble gas. - Answer When atoms of nonmetal elements
form ions, they generally gain enough electrons to give them the same number of electrons as an atom
of the next noble gas in the periodic table.
Atoms with larger radii/less oppositional charges.. - Answer weaker covalent bonds, require less
energy to break bonds (lower melting point) because farther apart or charges not as intense
Atoms with smaller radii/more oppositional charges... - Answer Have stronger covalent bonds
and require more energy to be broken because they are closer together and exerting more force, or have
stronger attraction due to charges
Beginning of SI Units
Units can be length (meters), volume (liters), and mass (grams) - Answer Yay
Binary compound names: Cation first, then anion with the end -ide - Answer woo
Binary Molecular compounds - Answer Binary compounds contain two different non-metal
elements.
-Name elements in formula order.
- The 2nd element's name ends in "-ide"
-Prefixes show the number of each atom present
Can both strong and weak acids light up a light bulb? - Answer Yes, both strong and weak acids
can light up a light bulb because both ionize in solutions.
Can strong acids go back to the reactants before? - Answer No, strong acids cannot go back to the
reactants before.
centi - Answer c
10^2 cm = 1 m
100 centimeters in 1 meter
Chemical changes - Answer Bonds breaking, combustion, new substances form. Produces new
kinds of matter
, Columb's Law - Answer The higher the charges, the more force. F=K(q1q2/d2) (D=Distance, Q=
Charge of 2 objects, K= Proportionality constant)
Conversion of amu to g - Answer 1 amu = 1.66 × 10-24 g
Conversion of amu to kg - Answer 1 amu = 1.66 × 10-27 kg
Definition of amu - Answer mass of one 12 C atom = 12 amu
Do strong acids completely ionize? - Answer Yes, strong acids completely ionize in water.
Do strong bases completely ionize? - Answer Yes, strong bases completely ionize in water.
Do weak acids completely ionize? - Answer No, weak acids only partially ionize in water.
Do weak bases completely ionize? - Answer No, weak bases only partially ionize in water.
Does density depend on the amount of matter present? - Answer No
Gas phase - Answer Molecules far apart and move a lot.
Give an example of a monatomic compound. - Answer K2O: potassium oxide.
Give an example of a reaction between a metal carbonate and an acid. - Answer CaCO3 (s) + 2
HCl(aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2 (g)
Give an example of a reaction between a metal sulfide and an acid. - Answer Na2S (s) + 2 HCl(aq)
→ 2 NaCl(aq) + H2S (g)
Give an example of a reaction between a metal sulfite and an acid. - Answer CaSO3 (s) + 2 HCl(aq)
→ CaCl2 (aq) + H2O(l) + SO2 (g)
Give examples of pure elements with an oxidation number of 0. - Answer Zn, O2, I2, S8
How are atoms arranged in compounds? - Answer They consist of a fixed ratio of atoms that are
held together in a defined spatial arrangement by chemical bonds.
How are ionic compounds symbolized? - Answer By a formula indicating the relative numbers of
its constituent ions.
How are ions in an ionic substance held together? - Answer By electrostatic attractions, balancing
positive and negative charges.
How are molecules in a molecular substance held together? - Answer By sharing electrons
through covalent bonds.
How are monatomic anions named? - Answer Using the name of the non-metal plus "-ide".
How are monatomic cations named? - Answer Using the name of the metal.
