Summary Cell Structure and Function Study Notes for Introductory Biology (Handwritten)

CELL STRUCTURE
AND FUNCTION

, CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

theory
all

↳ all composed of calls
organisms
are

↳ cells are basic units of structure and function in
organisms
from
cells
only preexisting
cells
self-reproducing
↳ come -s
are




when
single-celled organisms reproduce single cell divides into two new
organisms
-




multicellular cells divide
when
organisms grow
to


many

presence of cells allows some to specialize and do certain tasks
many

in size 1 mm O ; cells &
calls are
really small but do
vary frog's egg some
only 1 mm
- =




↳
small to increase to
are so surface area
enough allow adequate nutrient
exchange
=
surface -

area -
to-volume ratio
proteinanules




Bolipa
~
cell envelope in bacteria -
plasma membrane
,

cell wall ,
and
glycokaly X


plasma membrane phospholipid
bilayer with
=




embedded proteins
lexit of substances
regulates entrance
↳



form pouches (increase internal surface for
prokaryotes
↳ can in =
mesomers area


attachement of
enzymes
cell wall-maintains of cell contains complex molecule that
shape ,
peptidoglycan -


contains amino disacharides and peptide fragments (unique to bacterial

glycocalyx layer of polysaccharides lies outside of sell wall in some bacteria
=
,



↳ well
organized layer not easily washed off capsule
=
,




layer
↳
organized easily washed off
not well , slime

out helps bacteria avoid host's immune
against drying
↳
protects ,
system
,

enables attachment to different surfaces
semifluid solution up of water (in) molecules , contained in
cytoplasm made and
organic
=




plasma membrane