HUSH Fall Final Exam Study Guide_ updated and Reviewed Questions and Answers Already Graded A+ 100% Excel

HUSH Fall Final Exam Study Guide_ updated and Reviewed Questions and Answers Already Graded A+ 100% Excel What conditions allowed the English to enter the colonial age? - CORRECT ANSWER-defeat of the Spanish Armada, emergence of joint stock companies and excess capital, excess population (enclosure movement), laws of primogeniture, protestant reformation What was the defeat of Spanish Armada? - CORRECT ANSWER-Consisted of more than 130 ships. The English ships were much faster, smaller, and maneuverable, in the English channel than the Armada. The English artillery was much faster to reload than the Spanish. Goal: Phillip II tries to crush Protestant English, restore Catholicism. The English, led by Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake, prevented the Armada from reaching the Netherlands, and they destroyed many ships that went off course. England made a world class power. 1588. What is a joint stock company? - CORRECT ANSWER-A joint stock company is a business that people can invest in by buying a share of the company. What is excess capital? - CORRECT ANSWER-An economic system in which private individuals and corporations control the means of production and use them to earn profits excessively. What are the laws of primogeniture? - CORRECT ANSWER-(1) a principle of seniority and authority whereby siblings are ranked according to their ages, with the eldest coming first; and (2) a principle of inheritance, in which the firstborn child receives all or his parents' most significant and valuable property upon their death. Example of law of primogeniture? - CORRECT ANSWER-The Crown of England, for instance, has passed to the eldest daughter when a male heir was not available, as was the case with Elizabeth II in 1953. What was Protestant reformation? - CORRECT ANSWER-The 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era. What were the Spanish colonization patterns? - CORRECT ANSWER-The Spanish came to conquor and exploit the weath that already existed. They detroyed the large empires that existed, took their wealth back to Spain and enslaved the remained population to mine and grow more lucrative trade products for them. They also attempted to expand the Spanish Empre by forcably converting the natives peoples to Christianity. What were the English colonization patterns? - CORRECT ANSWER-The English sought to set up permemant settlements along the Atlantic Coast. Some were set up by religious seperatists, businesses partnerships, or people who were owned lots of land by the English King. The English found that crops like tobacco and indigo grew very well and made lots of money off of them What were the French colonization patterns? - CORRECT ANSWER-The French realized that they could get more from their colonization efforts by creating partnerships with the natives. French trappers would trade goods to native tribes for valuable furs. They did little settling and even less conversion because they didn't want to upset their trade relationships with the tribes. What were three exploration causes? - CORRECT ANSWER-God, Gold, Glory What was the Colombian Exchange? - CORRECT ANSWER-An exchange of animals, agriculture, human populations (including slaves), diseases, and gold and silver between the old world and new world. What was the significance of the Colombian exchange? - CORRECT ANSWER-The Columbian Exchange greatly affected almost every society on earth, bringing destructive diseases that depopulated many cultures, and also circulating a wide variety of new crops and livestock that, in the long term, increased rather than diminished the world human population What was the most important conquests of the Spanish? - CORRECT ANSWER-Aztecs by Cortez & Incas by Pizzaro What city was founded in 1565 by the Spanish? - CORRECT ANSWER-St. Augustine What were conquistadors? - CORRECT ANSWER-Spanish soldiers who conquered land to get gold What colonial class consisted of Spanish ancestry? - CORRECT ANSWER-Peninsulares What colonial class consisted of Spanish and Black mixture? - CORRECT ANSWER-Creoles What colonial class consisted of Spanish and Indian mixture? - CORRECT ANSWER-Mestizos What colonial class consisted of white American and Black mixture? - CORRECT ANSWER-Mulattos What is mercantilism? - CORRECT ANSWER-The economic theory that trade generates wealth, which a government should encourage by means of protection. What was the impact of mercantilism on colonization? - CORRECT ANSWER-Under mercantilism the American colonists were essentially tenants of Britain. In exchange for the land on which they lived, they "paid rent" to Britain by sending almost all of their manufactured goods back to Britain. Virtually no trade existed directly between the colonies and other nations. What was the Navigation Act? - CORRECT ANSWER-An act the Parliament made that limited colonial trade. It banned them to trade certain items like sugar and cotton. It required colonists to use ships to transport goods. Indian culture areas - CORRECT ANSWER- How was Jamestown founded? - CORRECT ANSWER-In the year 1607, the Virginia Company decided to settle a group of English citizens in Jamestown. They had all intentions of liquidating the settlement quickly to turn a profit on the settlement. However, it was quite obvious that the residents of Jamestown enjoyed the rights they were given, and thus the VA Company allowed it to go on to become the first settlement in the New World. How did Jamestown survive? - CORRECT ANSWER-Captain John Smith saved the colony by making a rule that anyone who did not work did not eat. This made the colonists plant food, and build shelters and fences to protect themselves from attack. How is Captain John Smith? - CORRECT ANSWER-Leader of Jamestown. After allegedly being saved from death by Pocahontas, he established trading agreements with native tribes. Who is John Winthrop? - CORRECT ANSWER-A wealthy English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Who is Roger Williams? - CORRECT ANSWER-He is a Puritan minister, who founded a settlement around 1635 that became the colony of Rhode Island. He also bucked it out of Salem. What colony was: founded first (1630), a charter, Puritan, consists of Boston, Quincy, Plymouth, Salem, Lexington and Concord, and was founded by John Winthrop? - CORRECT ANSWER-Massachusetts Colony