MN553 Pharmacology Unit 2 Quiz 100% Solved

MN553 Pharmacology Unit 2 Quiz 100% Solved What properties affect the distribution of drugs - Answer- drug size, charge, chemical structure, pH, molecular size, lipid or water solubility first pass metabolism - Answer- metabolism by the liver following oral administration Phase 1 reactions - Answer- Oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis or non-synthetic reactions that prepare the drug for further metabolism - to make the drug more water soluble Phase II reactions - Answer- synthetic or conjugation reactions, something is added to drug to make it more water soluble and more easily excreted by the kidneys CYP P450 - Answer- Liver *enzyme* that detoxifies substances, Makes them easier to be excreted. single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) - Answer- minor mutations that can result in metabolic activity changes, including increased and decreased drug responses primary organ of excretion for drugs - Answer- kidney blood flow differences in infants - Answer- increased blood flow to muscles 1-6 mo EXCEPT during illness, can cause slower or rapid perfusion Pediatric GI function - Answer- pH increases gradually- reaches adult levels @ 20-30 months preemies are even slower Diarrhea and kids - Answer- kids with diarrhea have poor absorption of oral drugs Pediatric skin absorption - Answer- Kids have thinner stratum corneum so topical medications are absorbed more readily: increased risk of toxicity